Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Refractive Errors > Hyperopia > Flashcards

Hyperopia Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of Hyperopia:

A

with accommodation relaxed, parallel rays of light converge to focus behind the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

he first identified and described the condition hyperopia

A

Kastner - 1855

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

suggested the term Hypermetropia

A

Donders - 1858

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

he used the word Hyperopia

A

Helmholtz 1859

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hyperopia is considered to be a _____ anomaly

A

Developmental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

at birth practically all eyes are _______

A

Hyperopic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

at birth practically all eyes are hyperopic, and from 80 to 90% are found to be so within the first _____ of life

A

first 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

During adolescence the degree of hyperopia decreases as axial length ______

A

Increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Simple cause/Etiologies of Hyperopia:

A
  1. Axial Length
  2. Refractive system
  3. Anterior Chamber Depth
  4. Old age
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Refractive status of eyes at birth:

A

+2.50D to +3.00 D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1mm short of axial length is equal to?

A

+3.00 D of Hyperopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

decreased or less Anterior Chamber depth results to?

A

Less refractive Power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Functional Etiology:

A
  • paralysis of accommodation
  • Spasm of accommodation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Classifications of Hyperopia:

A
  • According to degree/amount
  • According to Sorsby’s classification
  • According to action of Accommodation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pathological Causes of Hyperopia:

A
  1. Deformational
  2. Curvature
  3. Index of Refraction
  4. Absence of an element (aphakia)
  5. Displacement of Lens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sorbsby’s classification:

A

Correlative Hyperopia

Component Hyperopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Correlative Hyperopia:

A

errors from +0.25D to +6.00D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Component Hyperopia:

A

errors above +6.00D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Low degree of hyperopia:

A

errors ranging from +0.25D to +3.00D

20
Q

Medium degree of hyperopia:

A

+3.00D to +5.00D

21
Q

High degree of Hyperopia:

A

+5.00D and Above

22
Q

Hyperopia according to Action of Accommodation:

A
  1. Facultative Hyperopia
  2. Absolute Hyperopia
  3. Latent Hyperopia
  4. Manifest Hyperopia
  5. Total Hyperopia
23
Q

the amount of hyperopia which can be overcome or still be corrected by accommodation

strongest convex lens with which the patient can still maintain full distance vision 6/6

A

Facultative Hyperopia

24
Q

the amount of hyperopia which cannot be overcome by accommodation

patient cannot normally see 6/6 without a lens

Vision is subnormal

A

Absolute Hyperopia

25
Q

the amount of hyperopia which cannot be revealed by customary refractive routine

can be compensated by accommodation of a younger hyperopic person

revealed during presbyopic age

A

Latent Hyperopia

26
Q

Two types of latent hyperopia:

A
  • Tonic Latent hyperopia
  • Clonic Latent hyperopia
27
Q

latent hyperopia that is relatively fixed or permanent state of spasm

A

Tonic Latent Hyperopia

28
Q

Latent hyperopia that is temporary state of spasm

A

Clonic Latent hyperopia

29
Q

the amount of hyperopia which can be revealed by routine method of refraction

subdivided into facultative and absolute

A

Manifest Hyperopia (MFA)

30
Q

the entire amount of hyperopia that actually exist

the sum of latent and manifest hyperopia

A

Total Hyperopia (TLM)

31
Q

Headache locations with hyperopia:

A

Frontal

Occipital

32
Q

symptoms of hyperopia (subjective):

A
  1. Asthenopia
  2. BOV at near
  3. difficulties of fixation
  4. Nausea
  5. vomiting
  6. general fatigue
  7. Photophobia
  8. tearing
33
Q

Signs of Hyperopia (objective):

A
  1. Constricted pupil
  2. conjunctival irritation
  3. convergent strabismus
  4. vertical brow wrinkles
  5. endophthalmic eyes
34
Q

hyperopia correction where esotropia exist:

A

Maximum Plus correction

w/c does not severely handicap vision

35
Q

hyperopia correction where esophoria exist:

A

Maximum plus correction

w/c does not blur vision

36
Q

hyperopia correction where exophoria exist:

A

Partial Correction

if full correction it is accompanied by prism base-in or by orthoptic exercises

37
Q

lens act to increase the index of refraction, to increase total refractive power and restore some elasticity of the lens, therefore presbyopia and hyperopia may diminish or disappear

A

Second Sight

38
Q

amount of Hyperopia correction when there is:

  • Constant intermittent blur
  • Much near work required
  • Marked eyestrain
  • Markedly reduced amplitude of accommodation
A

Full Correction

39
Q

amount of hyperopia correction when there is:

  • Divergent strabismus or exophoria
  • Large amount of latency
  • Very young patients
  • Maximum acuity needed at far distances
A

Partial Correction

40
Q

Those with sedentary existence, or who
require to use eyes for fine detailed work may
require what amount of correction?

A

Stronger Plus Correction

41
Q

correction that is recommended for those who live on outdoor or active existence

A

Lesser plus correction

42
Q

farthest object point for which image point is focused on the retina

an imaginary point located behind the eye

A

Far Point of Accommodation

43
Q

a real object point located in front of the eye

A

Near point of accommodation

44
Q

extent to which the image may be located in front or behind the retina and still appear sharp and clear

A

Depth of Focus

45
Q

extend to which the visual acuity chart may be moved toward or away from the and the optical image is focused on the retina

A

Depth of Field

Refractive Errors (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions