Hyperlipidemias

Question 1

HMG CoA reductase inhibitor group

Answer 1

STATINs

Myositis, liver toxicity, pregnancy category X

Question 2

Niacin

Answer 2

Inhibits an enzyme essential for VLDL synthesis
Binds to a receptor that decreases VLDL synthesis
S.E.: cutaneous flushing, itching - aspirin
increased uric acid and incidence of diabetes

Question 3

Bile acid binding resins - 3

Answer 3

cholestyramine, colestipol, coleselevam
Highly + charged
Irreversibly bind to bile acids - excrete cholesterol
S.E.: can bind acidic drugs, decrease absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

Question 4

Fibrates - 2

Answer 4

Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
Bind to PPAR and increase activity of transcription of lipoprotein lipase
Decrease triglycerides and lower VLDL
S.E.: GI upset, displaces warfarin

Question 5

Omega 3 FAs, icosapent

Answer 5

Decrease triglyceride synthesis by inhibiting an enzyme

Question 6

Lomitapide

Answer 6

Inhibits assembly of VLDL in liver
An enzyme and transporter
Hepatotoxicity

Question 7

Mipomersen

Answer 7

Antisense aligonucleotide that binds to mRNA for APO B and prevents its synthesis
IV

Question 8

Agents that decrease cholesterol absorption by the intestine - 4

Answer 8

Ezetimibe, sitostanol, orlistat, olestra

Question 9

Ezetibmibe

Answer 9

Blocks cholesterol transports in gut and its initial absorption

Question 10

Sitostanol

Answer 10

Looks like cholesterol and blocks its uptake

Question 11

Orlistat

Answer 11

Inhibits GI and pancreatic lipase
Decreases fat absorption form the gut
Loose stools

Question 12

Olestra

Answer 12

Oil you can’t absorb - leaky gut