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Pharm 3 Exam > Cardiovascular Drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of Class I agents

A

Na channel blockers decrease rate of depolarization

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2
Q

Quinidine

A

Depresses muscle function - anticholinergic effects - speed HR
CNS: tinnitus, altered color vision
GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia

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3
Q

Procainamide

A

Doesn’t enter CNS

Lupus-like syndrome in slow acetylators

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4
Q

Disopyramide

A

Strong antimuscarinic effects - DUMBBELS

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5
Q

Lidocaine

A

1st pass effect - give IV

Can enter CNS

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6
Q

Mexileine

A

Like lidocaine without 1st pass effect

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7
Q

What is the main function of Class II agents

A

Block beta receptors in the heart - decrease HR

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8
Q

Propranolol

A

Decrease pacemaker firing rate, HR and BP

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9
Q

Metoprolol

A

More selective beta1 blocker

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10
Q

Osmolol

A

More rapid onset of action

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11
Q

What are side effects of Class II agents

A

Bradycardia, hypotension and asthma

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12
Q

What are the 3 Class III agents

A

K channel blockers

Sotalol, amiodarone, dronedarone

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13
Q

Sotalol

A

Beta and K channel blocker

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14
Q

Amiodarone

A

Acts like all 4 classes

S.E.: pulmonary fibrosis, corneal deposits, skin deposits

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15
Q

Dronedarone

A

Fewer side effects than amiodarone but less efficacious

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16
Q

Main function of Class IV agents

A

Ca channel blockers - increase refractory period

17
Q

What are 3 Class IV agents

A

Verapamil, Diltiazem, Nifedipine

18
Q

Adenosine

A

Binds to adenosine receptor and decreases firing rate of AV node
Given IV - short half life

19
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

1st pass effect - sublingual
Rapidly dilates all blood vessels
S.E.: hypotension, skin flushing, headache
Rapid tolerance

20
Q

Isosorbide dinitrate

A

Slow release nitrate formulation for angina

21
Q

2 groups of agents that decrease heart work

A

Beta blockers and Ca channel blockers

22
Q

Digoxin

A

Inhibits ATPase preventing loss of Ca so cells has greater contractility
CNS: yellow-green tinting, hallucinations, nausea
Enhanced in hypokalemia

23
Q

Dobutamine

A

beta1 agonist that increases force of contraction

24
Q

4 best treatments for CHF

A

ACE inhibitors: decrease BP and fluid retention
Beta blockers: decrease HR
Vasodilators: decrease BP
Diuretics: decrease fluid retention

25
Q

Group of agents that increase blood flow to selected organs

A

AFILs inhibit type 5 cGMP PD
S.E.: decrease in BP, stroke, myocardial infarction, blue-green color discrimination
Don’t use with a1 blockers or nitrates
p450

26
Q

Alprostadil

A

injectable PG-E to penis -> erection

Pharm 3 Exam (4 decks)

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