Hyperestrinism in Dog Flashcards
Common causes hyperestrinism in Dogs
- Cystic ovaries
- dog goes into heat and doesn’t come out
- Granulosa cell tumores
- Sertoli Cell tumors
- all kinds can feminize male dogs
- Estrogen drugs
- menopause creams
Clinical Signs hyerestrinism
- Vulvar edema +/- d/c
- Alopecia caudal trunk and perineum
- Epidermal hyperpigmentation
- Nipple enlargement
- Attractive to other dogs
Hyperestrinism can cause _____
- Myelotoxicity
- anemia
- leukopenia
- thrombocytopenia
*get a CBC on these dogs
Hyperestrinism TX
- Spay
- remove drugs
Consequences of myelotoxicity
- No white cells => infection
- No platelets => bleed
- No RBCs => tissue oxygen deprivation
Pale patechia
- could be an anemic TCP
Prognosis and TX pancytopenia
- Bone marrow bx to prognose
- no precursor cells (aplastic) => grave sign
- give blood products, Neupogen, Epogen
- remove source of estrogen
- no precursor cells (aplastic) => grave sign
Take home message
Hyperestrinism in female
- Often due to cystic ovaries
- Alopecia posterior and ventral
- vulvar enlargement and serosanguineous discharch
- OHE
- Neupogen and Epogen for myelotoxicosis
3 cell types of testicular tumors
- Sertoli
- can metastasize and feminize
- Seminoma
- can metastasize and feminize
- Interstitial (Leydig)
- mets rare, feminization rare
Incidence of sertoli cell neoplasia
- 3-20 yrs old (ave 8-9)
- Dogs with extrascrotal involvement with feminization may present at a younger age than dogs with scrotal involvement
- intraabdominal have higher rate of feminization
Site of involvement
- Usually unilateral
- Right cryptorchid teste common
- 30-40% are extrascrotal
- inguinal
- abodminal
Clinical signs of Feminization
- Prostatic changes: metaplasia, infection => obstruction, cysts
- Atrophy of contralateral testicle => one in scrotum usually small
- Symmetrical alopecia
- Gynecomastia => breat development
- Pendulous prepuce
- Tendency to attract other male dogs
- depressed libido
- lethargy
Prostatic carcinomas like to met to ____
Ventral vertebral bodies
Sertoli cell tumors act like _____
Carcinomas
Take home message
Sertoli Cell:
- Feminization is a sentinel
- All 3 tumor types in all 3 locations can cause feminization
- Assess for myelosuppression
- Asses for prostatic infection
Pyometra has a(n) _____ effect on the body
Endotoxemic
-usually due to E. Coli
Uteromegaly causes
- Pregnancy
- Cystic endometrial hyperplasia
- Pyo, Muco, Hydro
- Tumors
- Torsion
Endometrial hyperplasia and secretion of glands mediated by
TEST QUESTION
progesterone
Pyometra predisoposing drugs
- Megestrol Acetate
- Progesterone
Clinical signs of Pyometra
- Onset symptoms 4-12 weeks after estrus
- PU/PD
- vaginal d/c in 50-60% cases
- Anorexia, dec apetite
- depression
- abdominal distention
- Temp (depends)
- often not febrile
- Can also be VERY SICK
- diabetes….?
- Kidney failure….?
Systemic Effects of pyo
- Anemia
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Impaired renal function
- Sepsis - E. Coli
- Toxemia
E. Coli blocks
- ADH at receptor site of collecting duct and distal renal segment
- prevents ADH from making aquaporin
DX of pyo
- HX and PE
- Hematology can be weird
- leukocytosis from 15,000-100,000
- Abdominal rads
- Abdominal ultrasound
Pyo TX
- IV crystalloids (fluids)
- volume replete, verify Urine output the SX, check Blood glucose too
- Antibiotics: Gram (-)
- OHE
- Prostaglandin F2alpha
- breeders that want animals intact
- stimulates uterine contraction
- must be an open pyo
- animal will be sick for a few days
- these animal predisposed for relapse
