Hyperestrinism in Dog Flashcards

1
Q

Common causes hyperestrinism in Dogs

A
  1. Cystic ovaries
    • dog goes into heat and doesn’t come out
  2. Granulosa cell tumores
  3. Sertoli Cell tumors
    • all kinds can feminize male dogs
  4. Estrogen drugs
    • menopause creams
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2
Q

Clinical Signs hyerestrinism

A
  • Vulvar edema +/- d/c
  • Alopecia caudal trunk and perineum
  • Epidermal hyperpigmentation
  • Nipple enlargement
  • Attractive to other dogs
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3
Q

Hyperestrinism can cause _____

A
  • Myelotoxicity
    • anemia
    • leukopenia
    • thrombocytopenia

*get a CBC on these dogs

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4
Q

Hyperestrinism TX

A
  • Spay
  • remove drugs
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5
Q

Consequences of myelotoxicity

A
  • No white cells => infection
  • No platelets => bleed
  • No RBCs => tissue oxygen deprivation
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6
Q

Pale patechia

A
  • could be an anemic TCP
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7
Q

Prognosis and TX pancytopenia

A
  • Bone marrow bx to prognose
    • no precursor cells (aplastic) => grave sign
      • give blood products, Neupogen, Epogen
      • remove source of estrogen
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8
Q

Take home message

Hyperestrinism in female

A
  • Often due to cystic ovaries
  • Alopecia posterior and ventral
  • vulvar enlargement and serosanguineous discharch
  • OHE
  • Neupogen and Epogen for myelotoxicosis
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9
Q

3 cell types of testicular tumors

A
  1. Sertoli
    • can metastasize and feminize
  2. Seminoma
    • can metastasize and feminize
  3. Interstitial (Leydig)
    • mets rare, feminization rare
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10
Q

Incidence of sertoli cell neoplasia

A
  • 3-20 yrs old (ave 8-9)
  • Dogs with extrascrotal involvement with feminization may present at a younger age than dogs with scrotal involvement
    • intraabdominal have higher rate of feminization
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11
Q

Site of involvement

A
  • Usually unilateral
  • Right cryptorchid teste common
  • 30-40% are extrascrotal
    • inguinal
    • abodminal
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12
Q

Clinical signs of Feminization

A
  • Prostatic changes: metaplasia, infection => obstruction, cysts
  • Atrophy of contralateral testicle => one in scrotum usually small
  • Symmetrical alopecia
  • Gynecomastia => breat development
  • Pendulous prepuce
  • Tendency to attract other male dogs
  • depressed libido
  • lethargy
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13
Q

Prostatic carcinomas like to met to ____

A

Ventral vertebral bodies

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14
Q

Sertoli cell tumors act like _____

A

Carcinomas

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15
Q

Take home message

Sertoli Cell:

A
  • Feminization is a sentinel
  • All 3 tumor types in all 3 locations can cause feminization
  • Assess for myelosuppression
  • Asses for prostatic infection
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16
Q

Pyometra has a(n) _____ effect on the body

A

Endotoxemic

-usually due to E. Coli

17
Q

Uteromegaly causes

A
  • Pregnancy
  • Cystic endometrial hyperplasia
  • Pyo, Muco, Hydro
  • Tumors
  • Torsion
18
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia and secretion of glands mediated by

TEST QUESTION

A

progesterone

19
Q

Pyometra predisoposing drugs

A
  • Megestrol Acetate
  • Progesterone
20
Q

Clinical signs of Pyometra

A
  • Onset symptoms 4-12 weeks after estrus
  • PU/PD
  • vaginal d/c in 50-60% cases
  • Anorexia, dec apetite
  • depression
  • abdominal distention
  • Temp (depends)
    • often not febrile
  • Can also be VERY SICK
  • diabetes….?
  • Kidney failure….?
21
Q

Systemic Effects of pyo

A
  • Anemia
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Impaired renal function
  • Sepsis - E. Coli
  • Toxemia
22
Q

E. Coli blocks

A
  • ADH at receptor site of collecting duct and distal renal segment
    • prevents ADH from making aquaporin
23
Q

DX of pyo

A
  • HX and PE
  • Hematology can be weird
    • leukocytosis from 15,000-100,000
  • Abdominal rads
  • Abdominal ultrasound
24
Q

Pyo TX

A
  • IV crystalloids (fluids)
    • volume replete, verify Urine output the SX, check Blood glucose too
  • Antibiotics: Gram (-)
  • OHE
  • Prostaglandin F2alpha
    • breeders that want animals intact
    • stimulates uterine contraction
      • must be an open pyo
      • animal will be sick for a few days
      • these animal predisposed for relapse
25
Q

Never forget! => Any sick intact dog/cat

A
  • always consider and rule out pyometra
  • be careful of histories that claim animal is spayed
  • never let the sun set on a sick pyo