Hyperbaric oxygen Flashcards
Describe hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized room or tube
How high can the pressure go in a hyperbaric chamber?
3x atmospheric pressure
Describe the oxygen requirements of injured tissue
Increased
What are the ways hyperbaric oxygen is administered?
Single person tube (monoplace)
Via a hood on your head
Is hyperbaric oxygen typically an inpatient or outpatient procedure
Typically outpatient, but some admitted patients may receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy
What does hyperbaric oxygen therapy do to the bloods ability to carry oxygen?
Increases it
How can an increase in the amount of oxygen the blood can carry be helpful?
Restores normal blood gasses
Increases tissue function to promote healing and fight infection
What does increased oxygen in the blood cause the release of?
Growth factors
Stem cells
T/F: most conditions requiring hyperbaric oxygen do not require multiple sessions
False. Most disease processes that require hyperbaric oxygen will require multiple sessions to treat, however the number of sessions is completely dependent on disease process.
How long does the typical hyperbaric chamber session last?
2 hours
How many sessions would it take to treat CO poisoning in a hyperbaric chamber
As few as 3
What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a hyperbaric chamber at 1, 2 and 3 atmospheres
1 atm = 713
2 atm =1473
3 atm = 2233
How many sessions in a hyperbaric chamber may a nonhealing wound require?
20-40
What are indications for hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Severe anemia
Brain abscess
Air embolism
Burn
Decompression sickness
CO poisoning
Crush injuries
Sudden deafness
Gangrene
Infection of skin or bone that causes tissue death
Non healing wound such as a diabetic foot ulcer
Radiation injury
Skingraft or skin flap at risk of tissue death
Sudden painless vision loss
What are the secondary effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Improved leukocyte function
Amelioration of ischemia
Neovascularization
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
What are some potential negative side effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Emphysematous bulla
Pulmonary edema
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary barotrauma
Pulmonary oxygen toxicity
What are none pulmonary negative side effects associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Middle ear barotrauma
sinus/paranasal barotrauma
Dental barotrauma
CNS toxicity
Ocular trauma
Claustrophobia
Blood pressure changes
What is an environmental risk of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Fire or explosion
What materials are prohibited when performing hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
Petroleum products
Cosmetics or hair spray
Paper and cloth
Why are staff and patients required to wear 100% cotton in the hyperbaric treatment area?
Minimize chance of static spark
No toxic fume release or melting onto the skin if material is burned
T/F: it is possible to quickly remove a patient from a pressurized hyperbaric chamber in an emergency
False. Due to the enclosed and pressurized nature of the chamber, it is impossible to quickly open the door and remove the patient
How do RTs reduce the fire risk in hyperbaric chambers?
Use specilized non electrical ventilators
Tube holders with velcro are not allowed
RTs use cloth tape to secure ET tube
What steps are taken to decrease the chances of a fire in the hyperbaric oxygen therapy area?
Chamber is compressed with room air rather than oxygen
Patients breath oxygen through enclosed hood that exhausts outside of the chamber
Chamber is continually vented to wash out any oxygen leaking from the patient breathing system
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be administered as
a multi person room designed to accomodate several people
A unit designed for one person
Most hyperbaric oxygen therapy sessions last
120 minutes
Boyles laws states
a volume of gas at a fixed temperature is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature
An individual at 2 atmospheres of pressure has a PiO2 of
1473
T/F: a patient with COPD carry extra risk factors during HBOT
true
A respiratory therapist can decrease risks for ventilated patients going to HBOT by
using a ventilator designed for use during HBOT
Changing the ETT commercial holder for tape
List side effects of HBOT which concern a respiratory therapist
pulmonary edema
pneumothorax
emphysematous bulla
pulmonary oxygen toxicity
pulmonary barotrauma
What are indications for HBOT?
burns
gangrene
carbon monoxide poisoning
T/F: evacuation of a HBOT chamber can be accomplished quickly
False
What are the secondary effects of HBOT?
improved leukocyte function
neovascularization
amelioration of ischemia
What are side effects of HBOT caused by?
pressure
spaces in the body that contain air
high oxygen environment
List items that are prohibited during HBOT therapy
cosmetics
grease
petroleum products
oil
hairspray
HBOT uses very high pressures of oxygen to
help fight bacteria
stimulate the release of growth factors
stimulate the release of stem cells
