Hyperbaric oxygen

Question 1

Describe hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Answer 1

Involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized room or tube

Question 2

How high can the pressure go in a hyperbaric chamber?

Answer 2

3x atmospheric pressure

Question 3

Describe the oxygen requirements of injured tissue

Answer 3

Increased

Question 4

What are the ways hyperbaric oxygen is administered?

Answer 4

Single person tube (monoplace)
Via a hood on your head

Question 5

Is hyperbaric oxygen typically an inpatient or outpatient procedure

Answer 5

Typically outpatient, but some admitted patients may receive hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Question 6

What does hyperbaric oxygen therapy do to the bloods ability to carry oxygen?

Answer 6

Increases it

Question 7

How can an increase in the amount of oxygen the blood can carry be helpful?

Answer 7

Restores normal blood gasses
Increases tissue function to promote healing and fight infection

Question 8

What does increased oxygen in the blood cause the release of?

Answer 8

Growth factors
Stem cells

Question 9

T/F: most conditions requiring hyperbaric oxygen do not require multiple sessions

Answer 9

False. Most disease processes that require hyperbaric oxygen will require multiple sessions to treat, however the number of sessions is completely dependent on disease process.

Question 10

How long does the typical hyperbaric chamber session last?

Answer 10

2 hours

Question 11

How many sessions would it take to treat CO poisoning in a hyperbaric chamber

Answer 11

As few as 3

Question 12

What is the partial pressure of oxygen in a hyperbaric chamber at 1, 2 and 3 atmospheres

Answer 12

1 atm = 713
2 atm =1473
3 atm = 2233

Question 13

How many sessions in a hyperbaric chamber may a nonhealing wound require?

Answer 13

20-40

Question 14

What are indications for hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 14

Severe anemia
Brain abscess
Air embolism
Burn
Decompression sickness
CO poisoning
Crush injuries
Sudden deafness
Gangrene
Infection of skin or bone that causes tissue death
Non healing wound such as a diabetic foot ulcer
Radiation injury
Skingraft or skin flap at risk of tissue death
Sudden painless vision loss

Question 15

What are the secondary effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 15

Improved leukocyte function
Amelioration of ischemia
Neovascularization
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

Question 16

What are some potential negative side effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 16

Emphysematous bulla
Pulmonary edema
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary barotrauma
Pulmonary oxygen toxicity

Question 17

What are none pulmonary negative side effects associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 17

Middle ear barotrauma
sinus/paranasal barotrauma
Dental barotrauma
CNS toxicity
Ocular trauma
Claustrophobia
Blood pressure changes

Question 18

What is an environmental risk of hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 18

Fire or explosion

Question 19

What materials are prohibited when performing hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 19

Petroleum products
Cosmetics or hair spray
Paper and cloth

Question 19

Why are staff and patients required to wear 100% cotton in the hyperbaric treatment area?

Answer 19

Minimize chance of static spark
No toxic fume release or melting onto the skin if material is burned

Question 19

T/F: it is possible to quickly remove a patient from a pressurized hyperbaric chamber in an emergency

Answer 19

False. Due to the enclosed and pressurized nature of the chamber, it is impossible to quickly open the door and remove the patient

Question 20

How do RTs reduce the fire risk in hyperbaric chambers?

Answer 20

Use specilized non electrical ventilators
Tube holders with velcro are not allowed
RTs use cloth tape to secure ET tube

Question 21

What steps are taken to decrease the chances of a fire in the hyperbaric oxygen therapy area?

Answer 21

Chamber is compressed with room air rather than oxygen
Patients breath oxygen through enclosed hood that exhausts outside of the chamber
Chamber is continually vented to wash out any oxygen leaking from the patient breathing system

Question 22

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be administered as

Answer 22

a multi person room designed to accomodate several people

A unit designed for one person

Question 23

Most hyperbaric oxygen therapy sessions last

Answer 23

120 minutes

Question 24

Boyles laws states

Answer 24

a volume of gas at a fixed temperature is inversely proportional to the ambient temperature

Question 25

An individual at 2 atmospheres of pressure has a PiO2 of

Answer 25

1473

Question 26

T/F: a patient with COPD carry extra risk factors during HBOT

Answer 26

true

Question 27

A respiratory therapist can decrease risks for ventilated patients going to HBOT by

Answer 27

using a ventilator designed for use during HBOT

Changing the ETT commercial holder for tape

Question 28

List side effects of HBOT which concern a respiratory therapist

Answer 28

pulmonary edema
pneumothorax
emphysematous bulla
pulmonary oxygen toxicity
pulmonary barotrauma

Question 29

What are indications for HBOT?

Answer 29

burns
gangrene
carbon monoxide poisoning

Question 30

T/F: evacuation of a HBOT chamber can be accomplished quickly

Answer 30

False

Question 31

What are the secondary effects of HBOT?

Answer 31

improved leukocyte function
neovascularization
amelioration of ischemia

Question 32

What are side effects of HBOT caused by?

Answer 32

pressure
spaces in the body that contain air
high oxygen environment

Question 33

List items that are prohibited during HBOT therapy

Answer 33

cosmetics
grease
petroleum products
oil
hairspray

Question 34

HBOT uses very high pressures of oxygen to

Answer 34

help fight bacteria
stimulate the release of growth factors
stimulate the release of stem cells