Hyper & Hypo Flashcards
1
Q
Hypophosphatemia Clinical Manifestations
A
- Confusion
- Tremors
- Seizures
- Coma
- Weakness
- Bone Pain
2
Q
Hyperphosphatemia
A
- Phosphorus (P) > 4.5 mg/dL
- High PO4 in ECF
3
Q
Hypermagnesium Causes
A
- Renal failure
- Excessive intake of antacids or laxatives
(Mg > 2.1 mEq/L)
4
Q
Hypocalcemia
A
- Ca < 8.5
- Deficit in ECf
5
Q
Hypocalcemia Clinical Manifestations
A
- Numbness & tingling (mouth, feet, fingers)
- Tetany
- Carpopedal spasms
- Muscle cramps
- Hyperactive reflexes
- Seizures
6
Q
Hypocalcemia Causes
A
- Inadequate intake
- Impaired absorption
- Excessive loss: hypoparathyroidism
7
Q
Hypercalcemia Clinical Manifestations
A
- N/V
- Constipation
- Lethargy
- Stubor
- Slurred speech
- Muscle weakness
- Cardiac arrest
8
Q
Hypophosphatemia Causes
A
- TPN/enteral feeding
- Alcoholism
- Severe
- Hyperparathyroidism
(P<2.5mg/dL)
9
Q
Hypermagnesium Clinical Manifestations
A
Diminishes neuromuscular function:
- Hyporeflexia
- Muscle weakness
- Confusion
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmias
(Mg > 2.1 mEq/L)
10
Q
Hypermagnesium
A
Mg > 2.1 mEq/L
11
Q
Hypercalcemia Causes
A
- Cancer
- Hyperparathyroidism
12
Q
Hyperphosphatemia Clinical Manifestations
A
Related to Ca Deficit:
- Paresthesias
- Tetany
- Hypotension
- Cardiac arrhythmias
(P > 4.5 mg/dL)
13
Q
Hypophosphatemia
A
- Phosphorus (P) < 2.5 mg/dL
- Low PO4 in ECF
14
Q
Hypercalcemia
A
- Ca > 10.5
- Excess in ECF
15
Q
Hypomagnesium
A
Mg < 1.3 mEq/L
