Hyoid Bone & Vertebral Column Flashcards
What does the hyoid bone serve as?
• attachment site for muscles of tongue and throat
Where is the hyoid bone located?
- attached by ligaments and tendons
- anterior neck below the mandible
- above the larynx
What are the parts of the hyoid bone?
- Right greater horn
- Left greater horn
- Right lesser horn
- Body of hyoid bone
What is rare about the Hyoid bone?
• does not articulate with any other bone
What is the vertebral column?
• Vertical Series of bones stacked on top of each other
What is the vertebral column important for??
- protects the spinal chord
* serves as attachment site for back muscles
What are the 5 regions of the vertebral column?
- 7 Cervical Vetebrae
- 12 Thoracic Vertebrae
- 5 Lumbar vertebrae
- 5 fused sacrum
- 3-4 Coccyx
What happens at the superior end of the vertebral column?
• Articulates with the occipital bone
What are intervertebral discs?
- composed of Fibrocartilage
* shock absorber between vertebrae
What happens at the distal end of the vertebra column??
• The sacrum articulates with the pelvic bones
How many vertebrae does the the Cervical vertebrae, and what does it form?
- 7
* form the neck region
What is the Atlas C1?
- 1st clerical vertebra
- articulates with occipital condyle a of the skull
- allows the “yes” nodding
What are the landmarks of the Atlas?
- Transverse foramen
- Anterior arch
- Transverse process
- Superior articular facet
- Vertebral foramen
- Posterior arch
What are the 8 landmarks of a cervical vertebra?
- Body
- Vertebral foramen
- Transverse process
- Superior articular facet
- Spinous process
- Lamina
- Pedicle
- Transverse foramen
What is the Axis C2?
- 2nd vertebra
* allows the “no” nodding
What does the thoracic vertebra do?
- 12 vertebrae
- forms chest region
- articulates with the ribs to form thoracic cage
What are the 7 landmarks of the Axis C2?
- Body
- Dens
- Superior articular facet
- Transverse process
- Vertebral foramen
- Spinous process
- Lamina
What can only be found in a thoracic vertebra?
• superior, inferior and transverse costal facet
What can only be found in a cervical vertebra?
- transverse foramen
* split Bifid spinous process
What are the 7 landmarks of a thoracic vertebra?
- Body
- Vertebral foramen
- Transverse process
- Super articular facet
- Spinous process
- Lamina
- Pedicle
What are the 7 landmarks of a lumbar vertebra?
- Body
- Vertebral foramen
- Transverse process
- Superior articular facet
- Spinous process
- Lamina
- Pedicle
What does the lumbar vertebrae form?
- 5 vertebrae
* for the Low back region
What can only be seen in a lumbar vertebra?
• intervertebral notch
• inferior articular facet
(Both in lateral view)
What type of vertebrae does the coccyx have?
- 3-4 rudimentary vertebrae
* usually fused together
What are the 7 landmarks of the scrum and the coccyx?
- Superior articular facet
- Iliac facet
- Median sacral crest
- Sacral foramina (1-4)
- Sacral hiatus
7.
What does the sacrum form?
- 5 fused vertebrae
* articulates with the pelvic bones to form Pelvis
What are the bones of the thoracic cage?
- Vertebrosternal TRUE ribs (1-7)
- Vertebrochondrial FALSE ribs (8-10)
- Vertebral FLOATING ribs (11-11)
- Sternum
• Manubrum
• Body
• Xiphoid process
What is the thoracic cage?
• flexible, protective cage around the organs of the thoracic cavity
What bodies does the thoracic cage consist of?
- thoracic vertebrae
- ribs
- sternum
- coastal cartilages
What are the land makes of the thoracic cage?
- jugular notch
* sternal angle
What are the landmarks of the rib
- Neck
- Tubercle
- Sternal end
