hydrology Flashcards
1
Q
why do river networks emerge
A
subsurface and surface water flows
2
Q
where does subsurface water exist
A
in soil (soilwater) and rocks (groundwater)
3
Q
what are the two types of overland flow
A
- infiltration excess overland flow
- saturation excess overland flow
4
Q
what is evaporation
A
liquid water to gas/vapour
5
Q
what is condensation
A
gas/vapour water to liquid
6
Q
what is interception
A
water that collects on surfaces, but not ground
7
Q
what is evapotranspiration
A
water vapour lost from plants/animals AND evaporation from water bodies
8
Q
driving forces of water movement
A
- gravity
- slope/gradient
9
Q
resisting forces of water movement
A
- channel resistance
- surface resistance
- internal friction
10
Q
what is the continuity equation
A
discharge = width x depth x velocity
11
Q
what does a steep gradient in a hydrograph mean
A
- water at higher velocity
- quicker delivery of water
12
Q
what does a shallow gradient in a hydrograph mean
A
- water at lower velocity
- slow build up to peak flow
13
Q
agriculture affects… (2 things)
A
- water demand
- water quality
