Hydrocarbons (Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids)

Question 1

OH group

Answer 1

hydroxyl

Question 2

alcohol Formula

Answer 2

Cn H2n+1 OH

Question 3

Primary alcohols

Answer 3

End carbon attached to one hydroxyl group

Question 4

Secondary alcohols

Answer 4

Carbon attached to OH is surrounded by 2 carbons

Question 5

Tertiary alcohols

Answer 5

Carbon attached to OH is surrounded by 3 carbons (draw a triangle)

Question 6

Secondary name

Answer 6

diols

Question 7

Tertiary name

Answer 7

triols

Question 8

What do carboxylic acids react with

Answer 8

Bases

Question 9

COOH function

Answer 9

Carboxyl

Question 10

Carboxylic formula

Answer 10

Cn H2n+1 COOH

Question 11

Explain why isomers can have different bpts

Answer 11

-If one has a branch, molecules cant pack as closely compared to straight chains
-So despite same gfm, weaker LDF between branches isomer

Question 12

Explain why more OH branches leads to higher bpts

Answer 12

More hydrogen bonding takes place

Question 13

Unsaturated

Answer 13

At least one C=C

Question 14

Saturated

Answer 14

Only C-C

Question 15

Test for unsaturation

Answer 15

Shake with bromine water - unsaturated decolourises immediately

Question 16

Define isomers

Answer 16

Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but have different structures.

Question 17

what takes place in an addition reaction

Answer 17

two molecules combine to form a single molecule.

Question 18

Methyl group

Answer 18

CH3

Question 19

Ethyl group

Answer 19

C2H5