Hydrocarbons

Question 1

What do oil platforms?

Answer 1

Extracts oil

Question 1

What do dispersants contain?

Answer 1

Oil based compounds

Question 2

How are hydrocarbons found?

Answer 2

Seismic surveys

Question 2

What does oil do?

Answer 2

Direct coating in oil

Question 4

How is oil formed?

Answer 4

Anaerobic decomposition of these organisms

Question 5

What does test drilling do?

Answer 5

Establishes where the oil is

Question 6

Where does oil impact?

Answer 6

Rocky shores, magroves, open ocean, beaches

Question 7

What do the radars do?

Answer 7

Reflect energy which is recorded

Question 8

What are the physiological impacts?

Answer 8

Lethal toxicity

Question 9

What does oil do to marine turtle eggs?

Answer 9

Impacts survival and hatchling development

Question 10

How does satellite remote sensing of oil spills work?

Answer 10

Radar in space

Question 10

How is oil cleaned up?

Answer 10

Booms and skimmers at sea

Question 11

What does oil do to bird feeding?

Answer 11

Causes it to cease as the organs become impacted by toxic effects

Question 12

Where are hydrocarbons usually formed?

Answer 12

Continental shelves

Question 12

What are the direct effects of oil?

Answer 12

Modifies feeding behaviour, impairs breathing, changes preening, heat regulation fails, fail to react to predators, displacement

Question 13

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 13

Marine deposits

Question 14

What happens if the pressure is low?

Answer 14

Requires pumping out to force the liquid out

Question 14

What are the sub-lethal disruptions of behaviour caused by oil?

Answer 14

Avoid predation, find food

Question 15

When was deepwater horizon?

Answer 15

2010

Question 17

What do seismic noise reflections create?

Answer 17

Images of the seabed

Question 18

What do aerial dispersants reduce?

Answer 18

Oil on beach and contact with wildlife

Question 20

What are the problems with hydrocarbons?

Answer 20

Exploration and extraction, transportation

Question 20

When was exxon valdez?`

Answer 20

1989

Question 21

What does exposure to oil cause in marine turtles?

Answer 21

Causes salt gland to fail, epithelium to breakdown = infections

Question 22

What is bioremediation?

Answer 22

Natural resources from ecosystems enhanced so oil consuming bacteria helps clean up

Question 23

When was torrey canyon?

Answer 23

1967

Question 24

What does oil do to the endocrine system?

Answer 24

Disrupts the hormone systems

Question 24

What are the downstream effects of oil?

Answer 24

Bioaccummulation

Question 26

How are oil reserves explores?

Answer 26

Using drilling rig

Question 27

How does oil impair breathing?

Answer 27

Come to surface, emerging through slick

Question 28

Which country has lots of oil reserves?

Answer 28

Canada

Question 29

Why do auks suffer more?

Answer 29

Sit on the surface and have short flight ranges

Question 30

What are 3 oil spills?

Answer 30

Torrey Canyon, Exxon Valdex, Deepwater horizon

Question 32

How can oil be removed from the coast line?

Answer 32

Scrape off, pressure hose back into the sea

Question 33

What does oil causes in feathers?

Answer 33

Matting, waterproofing, cannot thermo regulate

Question 34

What does oil cause birds to increase?

Answer 34

Preening, ingest large quanitites

Question 36

How are hydrocarbons formed?

Answer 36

Small animals that have died millennia ago and under compression

Question 37

Why are ranges of devices used?

Answer 37

Produces different frequencies depending on how far they want to penetrate

Question 39

What does a GNOME do?

Answer 39

Predicts movement of oil spills using open-source software with wind and current data

Question 40

What does FPSO stand for?

Answer 40

Floating production, storage and offloading vessel

Question 41

What does physical washing of oil from the surface lead to?

Answer 41

Deeper penetration of oil into the ground = more bioaccumulation

Question 42

What are the devices for seismic surveys?

Answer 42

Air guns, Sparkers, Boomers, Pingers, Chirp system

Question 43

Why does oil particularly affect breathing in turtles?

Answer 43

Large tidal volume, short deep respiration

Question 44

What do aerial dispersants do?

Answer 44

Break down by wave action

Question 45

What are aerial dispersants?

Answer 45

Fairy liquid on steroids

Question 46

What is a benefit of satellite remote sensing?

Answer 46

Weather independent

Question 47

How do seismic surveys work?

Answer 47

Drag buoys with listening station