Endangered species Flashcards
Why were crocodiles exploited?
Leather, steaks
When did exploitation of crocodiles start?
Around 1800’s
When did the demand for crocodiles drop?
1820s
Why did the demand for crocodile boots drop?
Not durable or water proof
Why did demand for crocodile increase in 1960’s?
Block of cow hide to southern states
Who banned the international trade of crocodiles?
CITE
When was the international trade of crocodiles banned?
1975
What do the national programmes of crocodile trade allow?
Managed harvest - how many killed and where from
Where are national programmes based on crocodiles less successful?
Developing countries
Why are programmes less successful in developing countries?
Don’t have the funds to monitor
Which gender of crocodiles is killed most?
Males
What has to happen to crocodiles which are killed?
Tagged
Why are killed crocodiles tagged?
Stop illegal trade
Why have discussions about trade been successful?
No emotional context to harvesting so they can have an objective discussion
What are whales killed for?
Ambergris (perfumes), livers for vitamins, organs for fertilisers, baleen for brushes, bone for corsets, oil (fuel, soap, paint), meat
What are the 2 sides of the whaling industry argument?
Japan, Iceland Norway VS Sea shepherd and green peace
What was the International Whaling Commission set up for?
To provide for proper conservation of stocks thus making possible the orderly development of the whaling industry
What was initiated in 1986 about whaling?
Zero catch limits BUT with catch limits for aboriginal subsistence’s and with special permits
How many countries are anti-whaling?
8
How many anti-whaling countries are land locked?
6
Which countries refuse to recognise the IWC?
Iceland and Norway
What does IWC stand for?
International Whaling Commission
What did Peter Scott describe the IWC as?
Butchers club
Where is aboriginal subsistence whaling allowed?
Denmark, Russia, St Vincent, Grenadines, USA
Who is responsible for the aboriginal subsistence whaling?
Governments
Which countries have scientific permits for whaling?
Japan and Iceland
Which country whales the most?
Norway
What species of whale does Japan kill more of?
Minke whales
What do pro-whaling nations accuse the IWC of basing their decisions on?
Political and emotional factors
How many species of whale are critically endangered?
2
How many species of whale are endangered?
7
How many species of whale are vulnerable?
6
How many species of whale are near threatened?
5
How many species of whale are least concern?
22
Which country were massive whalers in 1940’s?
Soviet Union
Who made the records of the soviet union whaling industry public?
Yulia Ivashchenko
How many sperm whales were killed a day by the soviet union?
200
How many humpback whales were killed a day by the soviet union?
100
How many blue whales were killed a day by the soviet union?
30
What is wastage of whales?
In busy periods, whales would rot. Caught too many
How long does it take for a whole whale to be separated?
30 minutes
What are turtles exploited for?
Shell, meat, soup, riding
Where can you legally hunt and kill turtles?
Caribbean, Cayman islands, Cacaos, Nicaragua
In how many countries across the world can you legally hunt turtles?
42
How many turtles are killed a year?
42,000
How many green turtles are left in the caribbean?
300,000
How many hawksbills are left in the Caribbean?
30,000
What kind of breeders are turtles?
r
How many cods have been landed in 2009?
9,000
What is cod considered as by the IUCN?
Vulnerable
What is blue fin tuna considered as by the IUCN ?
Endangered
What is the global decline of blue tin tuna?
51%
What are basking sharks considered as by IUCN?
Vulnerable
What are basking sharks hunted for?
Oil from livers, fins
Which population of basking sharks is possibly extinct?
Canadian pacific
How can large scale exploitation be manageable?
Need to be objective and motivate in the right way
