Hydrocarbon derivative Flashcards
• USED AS BEVERAGE
• SLOW REACTION TIME
• DEPRESSES THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
• CAN BE PREPARED FROM FERMENTATION
ETHYL ALCOHOL
• TOXIC AND SHOULD NOT BE TAKEN INTERNALLY
• NOT ABSORBED THROUGH THE SKIN SO IT IS COMMONLY USED
AS RUBBING ALCOHOL AND AS ASTRINGENT
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
• CYCLIC ALCOHOL
• HAS A COOLING, REFRESHING FEELING WHEN RUBBED ON THE SKIN
• USED AS COUGH DROPS AND NASAL SPRAYS
MENTHOL
• WEAK ACIDS POISONOUS IF TAKEN INTERNALLY AND CAUSES DEEP BURN
AND BLISTERS ON THE SKIN
• USED AS DISINFECTANT FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS AND UTENSILS,
CLOTHING AND LINENS, FLOORS, TOILETS AND SINKS
PHENOL
o FORMED DURING THE DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOLS
o GOOD SOLVENTS BECAUSE THEY ARE INERT; VERY FLAMMABLE
o HAS THE FUNCTIONAL GROUP OF R-O-R
ETHERS
• COMMONLY KNOWN ETHER AND USED EXTENSIVELY AS A GENERAL ANESTHETIC
• VERY EASY TO ADMINISTER AND IS AN EXCELLENT MUSCULAR RELAXANT
• FLAMMABLE AND IRRITATING TO THE MEMBRANES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
DIETHYL ETHER
HAS THE FUNCTIONAL GROUP OF
R-CHO
ALDEHYDES
• USED IN THE LAB AS WATER
SOLUTION
• 40% SOLUTION IS COMMONLY
KNOWN AS FORMALIN WHICH IS
USED IN EMBALMING FLUIDS AND
AS PRESERVATIVES FOR BIOLOGIC
SPECIMEN
FORMALDEHYDE (METHANAL)
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MANY
UNPLEASANT SIDE EFFECTS OF
ETHYL ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
ACETALDEHYDE
• USED AS FLAVORING IN
MARASCHINO CHERRIES
BENZALDEHYDE
HAS A GENERAL NARCOTIC AND IN
LARGE DOSES, MAY CAUSE
RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS
ACETALDEHYDE
• SIMPLEST KETONE
• GOOD SOLVENT FOR FATS AND OILS
• USED IN FINGERNAIL POLISH AND IN POLISH REMOVERS
• NORMALLY PRESENT IN SMALL AMOUNTS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE.
ACETONE
o ALL CITRUS FRUITS CONTAIN A VARIETY OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
o RELATIVELY WEAK ACIDS
o REACTS WITH BASES TO FORM SALTS AND WATER
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS (COOH)
• FOUND IN STING BEES AND ANTS
THAT CAUSES THE
CHARACTERISTIC PAIN AND
SWELLING WHEN INJECTED INTO
THE TISSUE
FORMIC ACID
ONE OF THE COMPONENTS OF
VINEGAR, WHERE IT IS FOUND
AS 4-5% SOLUTION
ACETIC ACID
