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Millwright Block 3 > Hydraulics > Flashcards

Hydraulics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 3 bits of numbers you get with a cylinder in order?

A

Piston size
Stroke
Rod size

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2
Q

What is the purpose for wipers?

A

Clean dust / dirt when extending back cylinder

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3
Q

What is a stop tube?

A

It restricts from over extending.

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4
Q

What are cushions

A

Special “cushions” built into each end for less wear and tear on cylinders. (Adjustable)

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5
Q

What is a prime mover?

A

Power source
Ex- hand pump , electric motor.

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6
Q

When starting up a system what is one thing you need to complete before hand?

A

Purge the system with air

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7
Q

How is mechanical advantage gained with hydraulics?

A

By using pascals law (does this by acting As a force multipiler)

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8
Q

How is fluid flow measured?

A

The volume of fluid passing a given point in a unit of time.

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9
Q

What is laminar?

A

Fluid at the outer walls of the conduction moves more slowly than fluid in the centre of the conductor.

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10
Q

What is turbulent flow?

A

When smooth flow is disrupted, the fluid particles move in a random pattern rather than parallel to the direction of flow

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11
Q

What is the purpose of DCV

A

Used to control the direction of hydraulic fluid flow

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12
Q

What are the two types of spools for dcvs

A

Rotary or sliding

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13
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be destroyed, but it may be converted from one from to another

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14
Q

What does pascals law state?

A

Pressure applied to a confined fluid at rest, force is transmitted equally in every direction and always at right angles to the containing surface

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15
Q

What does Bernoulli principle state?

A

That if the flow rate is constant, the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy at various points in the system is constant

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16
Q

What are cylinders used to create?

A

Linear Motion

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17
Q

What are motors used to create?

A

Rotary Motion

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18
Q

What is friction?

A

The resistance to relative motion between two bodies

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19
Q

What are the main causes of excessive friction in hydraulic lines ? (4)

A

Excessive length of lines
Excessive velocity (B/C the lines are too small)
Excessive number of bends or fittings or unsuitable bends or fitting
Sustained flow at high pressure

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20
Q

List the five uses for an accumulator?

A

Shock absorbing
Auxiliary supply
Emergemy supply
Maintain control
Acceleration

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21
Q

Four types of gas accumulators?

A

Compressed air
Dry nitrogen
Nitrogen
Pure oxygen

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22
Q

What are the two classes of accumulator?

A

Weight loaded
Gas charged

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23
Q

What are the three most common types of dcv?

A

Closed, open, tamden

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24
Q

Three methods of applying flow control value?

A

Meter in
Meter out
Bleed off

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25
Q

When should a counterbalance value be used?

A

When maintaining a set pressure in part of a circuit

26
Q

When should A meter out circuit be used?

A

When a load is pulled downward due to gravity

27
Q

What are motors rated by?

A

Rpm’s

28
Q

What are four types of gas accumulators?

A

Compressed air
Dry nitrogen
Nitrogen
Pure oxygen

29
Q

What are three factors which affect flow through an orifice?

A

Velocity, density , orifice area

30
Q

What is cracking pressure?

A

Barely open

31
Q

Why would you use a temperature gauge?

A

Monitor for and excessive Heat

32
Q

What are the 3 types of conductors?

A

Piping material
tubing material
Flexible hose materials

33
Q

What is the most common flow control valve?

A

Meter out

34
Q

What does an unloading valve do?

A

Returns pump output back to resviar after desired pressure is met

35
Q

What does a pressure relief value?

A

Uses a spring, ball, pottet or piston to release excess system pressure

36
Q

What are the three main function of a counter balance value?

A

Support
Control
Safety

37
Q

What is a Major factor in hydraulic component failure?

A

Contamination

38
Q

What is a purpose of a magnetic drain plug?

A

Attract steel or iron particles

39
Q

What is the purpose of a strainer ?

A

Keep large solid objects out of system (think of tufts cove cooler system)

40
Q

What is nominal filter rating mean ?

A

Removes most particles

41
Q

What does absolute filter mean?

A

All particles removed,

42
Q

What is bursting pressure?

A

Wall thickness and the inside diameter of pipe

43
Q

What determines the bursting pressure in a lines

A

Wall thickness and inside diameter

44
Q

What type of pipe is used in hydraulic systems’

A

Steamless steel

45
Q

Why is tubing A popular hydraulic conductor

A

Easily bend and flared

46
Q

What in the purpose of hose?

A

Connect parts which move in relation to each other

47
Q

What does this centre?

A

Closed

48
Q

What does this centre show?

A

Open

49
Q

What does this centre show?

A
50
Q

How is pressure created in a hydraulic system?

A

Created by resistance to flow

51
Q

How many inches cubed in imp gal?

A

277 inches cubed

52
Q

How many inches cubed in us gals?

A

231 inch cubed

53
Q

How do you find pressure?

A

Force divided by area

54
Q

How do you find force?

A

Pressure x area

55
Q

How do you find area?

A

Force divided by area

56
Q

How is force represented? (Units)

A

Lbs

57
Q

How is area represent? (Units)

A

Inches squared

58
Q

How is pressure shown? (Units)

A

Psi

59
Q

What is recommended height on return and section lines?

A

11/2 to 2 times the pipe diameter

60
Q

The volume of fluid in the reservoir is normally equal to _____________ the rated pump delivery for one minute

A

2 to 3 times.

61
Q

What are flow meters used for?

A

Monitor the flow in a line and to determine the efficiency of pumps and motors

62
Q

What are the three main parts of an hose?

A

Inner tube
Reinforcement
Outer protective cover

Millwright Block 3 (11 decks)

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