Hydration

Question 1

60% body weight = water

Answer 1

66% intracellular
28% interstitial
5% in vessels

Question 2

measurable water loss

Answer 2

urine
sweat
tears
saliva

Question 3

non-measurable water loss

Answer 3

evaporation
respiratory loss

Question 4

water loss risks

Answer 4

arid
heat
exercise
v/d
peeing
bleeding
open body cavities

Question 5

maintenance volume dog

Answer 5

40-60 mL/kg/day

80-120 pediatric

Question 6

large animal + cat maintenance volume

Answer 6

40 mL/kg/day

80 pediatric

Question 7

hypervolemia causes

Answer 7

fluids
endocrine issues
behaviour

Question 8

oncotic vs osmotic pressure

Answer 8

oncotic = proteins
osmotic = electrolytes

both keep fluid in vessels

Question 9

hypervolemia effects

Answer 9

heart
kidneys
lungs (pulmonary edema)
vessels (jugular distension)
brain

Question 10

hypervolemia risks

Answer 10

heart disease
kidney disease
liver disease
very small

Question 11

hypervolemia treatment

Answer 11

stop fluids
diuretic
fix endocrine issues

Question 12

hypovolemia risks

Answer 12

lactation
athletes
being hot
v/d
small animals

Question 13

hypovolemia causes

Answer 13

primary = not getting enough water
secondary = complication of another pathology

kidney disease
GI disease
fever

Question 14

hypovolemia diagnoses

Answer 14

weight loss
CRT >2 sec
tacky-dry MM
skin tent
fast heart

present after 5% (5-8% = moderate)

Question 15

math

Answer 15

dehydration% = normal kg x dehydrated kg divided by normal kg ….. x 100

deficit volume = dehydration% x dehrdrated kg x 1000(mL)

Question 16

hypovolemia pathology

Answer 16

kidney and GI
electrolyte imbalance
less blood volume -> less BP -> less tissue perfusion -> shock