Hybridization And Thermodynamics Flashcards
valence bond theory resilts from what
the pairing of unpaired electrons in aromic orbitals
single bond
sigma bond
double bond
sigma bond and pi bond
triple bond
sigma bond and 2 pi bonds
cannot hybridize
terminal hydrogen or the halides
electron promotion does not occur with nitrogen because
promotion would not increase the number of unpaired availabke for bonding
pi bonds are
unhybridized px or py orbitals
to determine the hybridization of an atom
of bonded atoms + # of lone pairs
thermodynamics
deals with the energy change and sponteneity associated with a chemical reaction
ΔHb (and charge)
▪bond enthalpy: it takes energy to break a bond
▪always pos
ΔHr
enthalpy
negative ΔHr
▪exothermic reaction
▪bonds stronger in products than reactants
positive ΔHr
▪endothermic reaction
▪bonds stronger in reactants than products
ΔHf
heat of formation
when does ΔHf=ΔHr
when forming 1 mol of compounds from pure elements in their most stable form at standard state