HVIII FOREIGN POLICY Flashcards
WHAT was the Treaty of Etaples and WHEN was it renewed?
1510 - It was a peace agreement between England and France where France agreed to pay England an annual pension.
WHAT was the Holy League and WHEN was it created?
1511 - An alliance of France’s rivals (including England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, the Papacy)
What was the name of Scotland and France’s alliance?
The auld alliance
WHAT was the Battle of the Spurs and WHEN was it? Name the towns captured.
1513 - A minor English victory against France where England captured the towns of Tournai and Therouanne.
How much did the invasion of France in 1513 (Battle of the Spurs) cost England? What were the consequences of this?
£930,000 - what England won was worth much less and there were grumblings about taxation in Yorkshire, only narrowly avoiding full scale rebellion.
WHAT was the Battle of Flodden?
Scotland invasion of England leading to a famous English victory and the death of James IV.
WHEN was the Battle of Flodden?
1513 - in response to England’s invasion of France and the Battle of the Spurs earlier in 1513.
Why can Henry be criticised for his actions after Flodden in 1513?
The infant James V was left in charge of Scotland and he did little to take advantage of Scotland while it was in this weak position.
WHEN was the marriage alliance between Louis XII of France and Henry’s sister, Mary, formed?
- Wolsey also managed to recover the Etaples pension
Why was England almost forced into the marriage alliance with France in 1514?
Both Spain and the Holy Roman Empire had made separate peace with France previously, leaving England isolated.
When did Louis XII die?
1515
Why was the death of Louis XII bad for England’s foreign relations?
It was the end of the marriage alliance between France and England and Henry saw the new, younger king - Francis I - as a greater threat to his power.
What did Henry do in response to the crowning of Francis I as king of France 1515?
Seek a peace alliance with Ferdinand of Spain, as he felt threatened by Francis
When did Ferdinand of Spain die?
1516
What did Charles V do when he became ruler of Spain 1516?
Sought an alliance with France, rather than England.
WHAT was the Treaty of Cambrai and WHEN was it?
1517 - An alliance between Francis I of France, Charles V of Spain and Emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman Empire. This further isolated England.
WHEN was the Treaty of Cambrai?
1517 (Alliance between France, Spain and HRE)
Who was the Duke of Albany?
A member of the French nobility who was heir presumptive to the Scottish throne when James V became king. He was appointed regent to the Scottish throne in 1517.
Why was the appointment of the Duke of Albany as regent less of a threat as it could have been?
There were huge divisions among the Scottish nobility at the time.
How many states were involved in the Treaty of London? Name examples.
24 - including Spain, France, the Holy Roman Empire and the Papal states.
Why was the Treaty of London important for England?
It established England as Europe’s peacemaker (which lasted until 1522). Each state also signed a separate peace agreement with England, which made Henry VIII at the heart of the peacemaking process.
WHEN was the Treaty of London?
1518
When was Charles V elected as Holy Roman Emperor?
1519
What is a possible reason for the improved Anglo-French relations of 1518-1520?
France may have felt threatened by the appointment of Charles V as Holy Roman Emperor as he now controlled both bordering areas of France (the Holy Roman Empire and Spain)
WHAT was the Field of the Cloth of Gold?
A meeting between Henry VIII and Francis I which demonstrated the strength of Anglo-French relations
