HVII GOVERNING Flashcards
What did the Royal Council do?
Advised Henry VII and helped with day-to-day governing
How many men were listed on the Royal Council?
227
Who are two examples of people on the Royal Council?
John Morton and Reginald Bray
What did the Council Learned in the Law do?
1) Pursue Henry’s feudal rights (what everyone in the country owed to the king - payments and soldiers - in return for the land he owned and distributed)
2) Enforce bonds and recognisances
What did Henry VII do about regional differences in his reign?
He allowed different systems of government for different regions (e.g. Wales was governed by the Council of Wales)
What was the Privy Chamber?
The most intimate of Henry VII’s private rooms
What was the importance of the Privy Chamber?
It had the greatest access to the king and changed the character of the court as it reduced overall access to the monarch. Having access to the monarch increased one’s power/influence - personal monarchy.
What influenced the creation of the Privy Chamber?
The betrayal that was the treason of Sir William Stanley 1495
What did historian Steven Gunn say about Henry VII’s government in 2016?
That the strengths of Henry VII’s regime ‘enabled his son’s yet more ambitious undertakings and in some ways shaped their direction’
How many times did Henry VII call Parliament in his reign?
7
What two Acts were prominent in Henry VII’s first Parliament?
1) Acts of Attainder - against those who fought in Bosworth
2) 1486 Act of Resumption - returned all land that the Crown had granted away since 1455.
When did Parliament grant extra taxation to Henry VII?
1489 (Brittany) and 1491-2 (France)
When was the Star Chamber established?
1487
What did the Star Chamber do?
Prosecuted rioting, rebellion, retaining and the corruption of justice. It also heard petitions against the rulings of other courts.
What did the Court of Equity do?
The monarch could dispense justice if the law was unable to deal with a crime adequately (e.g. if someone was so powerful locally that juries were scared to convict)
What did the Court of Chancery do?
Heard cases on feudal rights and complaints about mistakes the Crown made.
Which institution was more powerful in respect to feudal rights?
The Council Learned in the Law
How many JPs were there per county?
About 18
What were the new powers of JPs?
1487: they could grant bail to those awaiting trial
1495: they could vet (background check) juries and replace jury members who were thought to have been bribed.
How often did Henry VII appoint JPs?
Annually
What is relief?
A tax paid upon inheriting land
What is wardship?
Control of the lands and revenues of underage heirs
What is livery?
Paid by wards when they took control of their land
What did the Court of Audit do?
Monitor wider government spending
Why did Henry VII use the Chamber/Privy Chamber system more than that of the Exchequer?
They were more efficient and less people were involved, meaning he had more control over them.
What are 4 types of extraordinary revenue?
1) Bonds and recognisances
2) Loans and benevolances
3) Feudal dues for specific occasions (e.g. marriages, knighthoods, etc.)
4) Special taxes granted by Parliament for specific needs
