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Misc Derm > Hurwitz02 > Flashcards

Hurwitz02 Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

infant skin is ***% thinner

A

40-60

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2
Q

normal reticulated bluish mottling of the skin seen on the trunk and extremities of infants and young children

A

Cutis marmorata

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3
Q

treatment for cutis marmorata

A

none, transitory and benign

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4
Q

white negative pattern of cutis marmorata

A

cutis marmorata alba

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5
Q

if cutis marmorata changes are persistent even with rewarming, and are deep violaceous in color, what is possible dx?

A

cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita

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6
Q

occurs when the infant is lying on his or her side and consists of reddening of one-half of the body with simultaneous blanching of the other half

A

Harlequin color change

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7
Q

cause of Harlequin color change

A

immaturity if hypothalamic centers for peripheral blood vessel tone

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8
Q

a term used to describe infants who develop a grayish-brown discoloration of the skin, serum, and urine while undergoing phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia

A

Bronze baby syndrome

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9
Q

a subperiosteal hematoma overlying the calvarium

A

cephalohematoma

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10
Q

localized edema of the newborn scalp related to the mechanical forces involved in parturition

A

Caput succedaneum

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11
Q

severe Caput succedaneum may cause

A

alopecia

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12
Q

refers to an annular alopecia that presents in a circumferential ring around the scalp in infants with a history of caput

A

Halo scalp ring

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13
Q

macular depressions or outpouchings of skin associated with loss of dermal elastic tissue seen in premature infants

A

Anetoderma of prematurity

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14
Q

may occur on the scalp or chest of infants or children at sites of electroencephalograph or electrocardiograph electrode placement, as a result of diagnostic heel sticks performed during the neonatal period, or after intramuscular or intravenous administration of calcium chloride or calcium gluconate for the treatment of neonatal hypocalcemia

A

Calcinosis cutis

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15
Q

wax-like hardening if skin and subQ covering whole body in premature infants with serious underlying condition; poor prognosis

A

sclerema neonatorum

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16
Q

circumscribed, indurated erythematous nodules and plaques on buttucks, thighs,arms, face, shoulders in full term, healthy newborns; good prognosis

A

subcutaneous fat necrosis

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17
Q

mortality in scerema neonatorum

A

50-70%

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18
Q

etiology of subQ fat necrosis

A

perinatal trauma, asphyxia, hypothermia, hypercalcemia

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19
Q

lab abnormalities of subQ fat necrosis

A

thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia

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20
Q

vesicular eruption with subsequent maceration and obstruction of the eccrine ducts (sweat retention)

A

Miliaria

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21
Q

miliaria which consists of clear superficial pinpoint vesicles without an inflammatory areola;

A

Miliaria crystallina (sudamina

22
Q

miliaria deeper level of sweat gland obstruction and characterized by small discrete erythematous papules, vesicles, or papulovesicles

A

Miliaria rubra (prickly heat),

23
Q

Discrete, 2- to 3-mm round, pearly white or yellow, freely movable elevations at the gum margins

A

bohn nodule

24
Q

Discrete, 2- to 3-mm round, pearly white or yellow, freely movable elevations at midline of the hard palate

A

epstein pearls

25
Q

erythema toxicum may be confused with

A

transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM) or congenital infection like candidiasis, herpes simplex, bacteria

26
Q

EPF

A

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis

27
Q

immune disorder associated with Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis

A

hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome (HIES)

28
Q

EPF treatment

A

topical corticosteroids and antihistamines for symptom control

29
Q

bacteria of impetigo

A

staph

30
Q

superficial vesiculopustular lesions that rupture easily and evolve into hyperpigmented macules with collarette of fine white scale

A

Transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM)

31
Q

treatment for Transient neonatal pustular melanosis (TNPM)

A

none, is a benign disorder

32
Q

recurrent, pruritic, vesiculopustular lesions that recur every few weeks to months on palms and soles

A

Acropustulosis of infancy

33
Q

how to diagnose acropustulosis of infancy

A

pustule smear shows large neutrophils and few eos

34
Q

treatment for severe Acropustulosis of infancy

A

dapsone

35
Q

erosive and bullous lesions present at birth that lead to reticulated supple scarring of trunk, extremities, scalp, face in premature infants

A

Congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis

36
Q 
in Congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis 
Hair:
Nails:
Dentition:
Eyes:
Other:
Neuro:
A 
Hair: may have alopecia
Nails: may be hypoplastic or absent
Dentition: normal
Eyes: chronic conjunctivitis
Other: hyperthermia
Neuro: defects, such as retadation, hemiparesis, microcephaly, CP, seizures
37
Q

disease with severe seb derm, exfoliation, failure to thrive, diarrhea

A

Leiner disease

38
Q

Leiner disease associated with the following immune diseases:

A

deficiency or dysfunction of complement, Bruton agammaglobulinemia, severe combined immunodeficiency, and HIES.

39
Q

consider this dx in any infant with a recalcitrant or hemorrhagic seborrheic dermatitis-like eruption and/or flexural papules with discrete erosions

A

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)

40
Q

benign disorder of infancy characterized by purple-red nodules in the skin of the groin, lower abdomen, and inner thighs

A

Granuloma gluteale infantum

41
Q

Granuloma gluteale infantum etiology

A

unique response to local inflammation, maceration, and possibly secondary infection

42
Q

spectrum of disorders defined by absent or incomplete fusion of the midline bony elements and may include congenital spinal-cord anomalies

A

Spinal dysraphism

43
Q

Spinal dysraphism stigmata

A

hypertrichosis (the classic “faun tail” or finer, lanugo hair), lipomas, vascular lesions (infantile hemangioma, port wine stain) prominent sacral dimples, sinuses, appendages (skin tag, tail), ACC, and melanocytic nevi

44
Q

congenital defect of the skin characterized by localized absence of the epidermis, dermis, and at times, subcutaneous tissues; generally occurs on scalp; presents as solitary or multiple, sharply demarcated, weeping or granulating, oval to circular, stellate defects

A

Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC)

45
Q

defects associated with aplasia cutis congenita

A

rare: cleft lip and palate, ophthalmologic defects, limb reduction defects, cardiac anomalies, gastrointestinal tract malformations, spinal dysraphism, hydrocephalus, defects of the underlying skull, congenital midline porencephaly, spastic paralysis, seizures, mental retardation, and vascular anomalies

46
Q

syndrome: atrophic skin at the temples (historically likened to forceps marks), coarse facial appearance, absent or duplicated eyelashes of the upper eyelids (distichiasis), eyebrows that slant sharply upward and laterally, and periorbital puffiness; Lips may be large with an inverted V contour; developmental delay

A

Setleis syndrome

47
Q

congenital rubella complication

A

cataracts, deafness, cardiac defects

48
Q

distinct cutaneous feature of congenital rubella

A

diffuse eruption composed of blue-red infiltrative papules and nodules and occasionally smaller purpuric macules, measuring 2 to 8 mm in diameter, representing so-called “blueberry muffin” lesions

49
Q

treatment for congenital rubella

A

supportive care

50
Q

Congenital varicella syndrome may present with

A

low birthweight, ophthalmologic defects (including microphthalmia, Horner syndrome, cataracts, and chorioretinitis), neurologic defects (including mental retardation, seizures, cortical atrophy, encephalomyelitis, and developmental delay), limb hypoplasia with flexion contractures and malformed digits, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary defects and vesicles and/or scarring in dermatomal distribution

51
Q

Congenital Parvovirus B19 Infection may cause

A

anemia, hydrops fetalis, and even intrauterine fetal demise

Misc Derm (4 decks)

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