Humoral Immunity Flashcards
Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are produced by:
B-Lymphocytes
- after antigen is recognised through B-cell Receptors
Factors influencing immunoglobulin concentration:
- Age (newborn, postcolostral)
- Pregnancy (IgG and IgM increase in early pregnancy and decrease by 50% by end of it)
- Lactation (Pigs higher level of IgG and IgM)
- Breed (higher concentration in cross breeds)
- Genetic predisposition
Failure of passive transfer of colostral antibodies:
- Immunoglobulin transfer failure from mother to young
- Immunosuppressive effect of colostral Antibodies on active immunity production
- Primary (hereditary defect) or secondary (acquired) defect
Prevention of FPTA:
- Feeding newborn from bottle
- Early diagnosis
- Colostrum from other mother
- Frozen colostrum
- Milk with antibiotics or commercial intestianl protectants
- Hygiene
Therapy of FPTA:
- Transfusion of homologous plasma (10-20ml/kg bw) or serum
- Antibiotic therapy
- Rehydration
Transient hypogamaglobulinemia:
Physiological depression in the end of colostral immunity
- Ig level reach 30% of reference value
- facultative pathogens
Acquired hypogamaglobulinemia:
Result of intoxication, mycotic and viral infection affecting lymphoid cells
- lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly
How to diagnose hypogamaglobulinemia:
- Glutaraldehydes coagulation
- Precipitation with sodium sulphite
- Precipitation with zinc sulphate
Glutaraldehyd’s coagulation is based on:
Polymerization of gamaglobulins by low concentrations of glutaraldehyd
Precipitation with sodium sulphite is based on:
The precipitation of gamaglobulins from the blood serum
What is Radial immunodifusion:
- A method for quantitative determination of various classes of immunoglobulins
- Principle is diffusion of antigen (investigated sample) in 1,5% agar gel which specific antiserum is incororated
- Results is an area of precipitate ring is directly related to the amount of antigen added to the well
