humanities 15 Flashcards
The troubadours of the Middles ages are best described as
poet-musicians
the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord’s land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
feudalism
Who proposed that our world, our reality, was just a reflection?
Plato
It’s a shadow of another world, composed by perfect ideas and forms.
Who reinterpreted Plato’s ideas and was the founder of NeoPlatonism?
Plotinis.
Who was the founder of Scholasticism?
St. Anselm.
11th century, basically the application of Aristotle’s principles. the principle of the fair middle.
The principle that there is a supreme Entity that Aristotle called the First Engine,
or the First Force that was the cause of all effects
and had not a cause in itself.
believed that the existence of God could be proven in five ways, mainly by: 1) observing movement in the world as proof of God, the “Immovable Mover”; 2) observing cause and effect and identifying God as the cause of everything; 3) concluding that the impermanent nature of beings proves the existence of a necessary being, God, who originates only from within himself; 4) noticing varying levels of human perfection and determining that a supreme, perfect being must therefore exist; and 5) knowing that natural beings could not have intelligence without it being granted to them it by God. Subsequent to defending people’s ability to naturally perceive proof of God
St. Thomas Aquinas
He believed that tragedy causes the proper purgation of those emotions of pity and fear which it has aroused.
The author and concept referred to in the sentence above are
Aristotle . . . catharsis
He is the god of the sun, the patron of poetry, and the ideal of male beauty
apollo
The god of revelry and wine, he later became patron of the theater
Dionysus
A short narrative used to answer a difficult moral question or to offer a moral truth is called
parable
Aristotle considered that only these two literary genres were worth of attention because they had a mimetic or figurative relation with the world, as opposed to a diegetic or directly representative relation
tragedy and epic poetry
Socrates was ordered to drink hemlock because
he questioned the existence and the authority of the gods
The philosopher that proposed the existence of a world of ideas truer than the world of material appearance was
plato
linearity of forms, simplicity, proportion and symmetry
Classicism
Play by Sophocles where Jocasta marries her son?
Oedipus Rex
In the Iliad, Achilles kills Hector because
Hector had killed Achilles’s friend Patroclus
Odysseus escaped from Polyphemus the cyclops
by deceiving him and piercing his only eye
Who traveled to the Black Sea to seize the Golden Fleece
Jason and the Argonauts
Which Roman poet made of Aeneas the hero who foresaw the grandeur of Rome
Virgil
Wrote The Aeneid
Who was famous for writing poems on topics such as carpe diem and beatus ille
Horace
Saint Thomas Aquinas is reputed to have said, “Beware the man of one book.” Such an expression is commonly called
an aphorism
Dante Alighieri chooses Virgil as his guide in their descent into Inferno because
Virgil represented the light of reason before the revelation of God
“Abandon all hope, ye who enter here” is a line that belongs to
Dante’s Divine Comedy
This philosopher adapted Plato’s ideas and founded Neo-Platonism
Plotinus
Saint Augustine is considered a Neo-Platonic Christian because
he envisioned the City of Men as a bad replica of the City of God
Which Renaissance painter painted the Birth of Venus?
Botticelli
The Decameron was written by
Giovanni Boccaccio
Which Shakespearean plays was used as the basis for a libretto for a Verdi opera?
Othello
Sometimes called a religion, sometimes referred to as “the religion of no religion,” sometimes identified simply as “a way of life,” its development can be traced from its origins in India in the sixth century B.C.E., to Japan in the twelfth century C.E. by way of China and Korea, and to the United States in the twentieth century.
Zen Buddhism
The rediscovery of classical texts and ideas, an emphasis on reason, and the development of linear perspective in art were characteristic of which of the following movements in Europe?
the Renaissance
Which of the following satirizes the eighteenth-century doctrine “whatever is, is right” in this “best of all possible worlds”?
Voltaire’s Candide
Rationalism and empiricism are represented by these two philosophers
Descartes (rationalism) and Locke (empiricist)
an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colors, sculpted molding, and trompe l’oeil frescoes to create surprise and the illusion of motion and drama.
roccoco or late baroque
This question refers to the following symphony. Mozart’s Symphony in D major, No. 35, is divided into the following four parts.
Allegro con spirito Andante Menuetto Finale: presto The parts are known as
movements
This question refers to the following symphony. Mozart’s Symphony in D major, No. 35, is divided into the following four parts.
Allegro con spirito Andante Menuetto Finale: presto Which two parts have the fastest tempos?
1 and 4
A composer and organist of the Baroque period, he created such works as the Brandenburg Concerti, the Goldberg Variations, and the Well-Tempered Clavier. The composer described is
Bach
The terms “adagio,” “cadenza,” and “opus” are all associated with
music
Choral music without instrumental accompaniment is known as
a capella
An aria is usually found in, and associated with, which of the following genres of the arts?
opera
During his travels, his overexcited imagination invariably blinds him to reality; he thinks windmills are giants, flocks of sheep are armies, and galley slaves are oppressed gentlemen.
Don Quixote by Baroque writer Cervantes
who, although he is sometimes called a tragic hero, is also recognized as the villain of John Milton’s epic, Paradise Lost?
satan
Tartuffe, The Misanthrope, and The Bourgeois Gentleman are all comedies written by
Moliere
Artists associated with this nineteenth-century movement created images based on emotion, imagination, and the irrational.
Romanticism
He composed in a wide variety of musical genres, including nine symphonies, 32 piano sonatas, and an opera. The composer is
Ludwig van Beethoven
Renowned for his waltzes, mazurkas and studios, this composer represented the spirit of romantic nationalism
Frédéric Chopin
Refer to the following periods or movements in art and music history. To which do Delacroix and Brahms belong?
Romantic
Which is the setting for most of the events in A Tale of Two Cities?
France during the French Revolution
Which is the setting for events in War and Peace?
by Tolstoy about Russia during the Napoleonic Wars
Fagin, Pip, and Ebenezer Scrooge are characters created by
Dickens
The development of photography in the 19th century had which of the following effects on the arts?
It gave rise to the realist movement, which emphasized a kind of photographic objectivity in the depiction of its subjects.
It was a school of the early twentieth century whose adherents designed buildings and objects in a functional style consistent with the era of mass production. Its use of industrial materials served as a basis for the International Style.
The school described above is known as
Bauhaus
a style or movement in painting originating in France in the 1860s, characterized by a concern with depicting the visual impression of the moment, especially in terms of the shifting effect of light and color.
a literary or artistic style that seeks to capture a feeling or experience rather than to achieve accurate depiction.
MUSIC
a style of composition (associated especially with Debussy) in which clarity of structure and theme is subordinate to harmonic effects, characteristically using the whole-tone scale.
Impressionism 19-20th century Famous Impressionist painter Degas Monet Manet Renoir
a term used to describe the reaction in the 1880s against Impressionism. It was led by Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh and Georges Seurat.
Post Impressionism
Refer to the following periods or movements in art and music history. To which do Debussy and Renoir belong?
impressionist
Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque are associated with which art movement?
cubism
a 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature which sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example by the irrational juxtaposition of images.
surrealism
Mrs. Dalloway, A Room of One’s Own, and To the Lighthouse are all works written by
Virginia Woolf
Which of the following terms describes a literary or dramatic form of discourse in which a character reveals thoughts in a monologue?
soliloquy
Which of the following composers was Picasso’s closest musical contemporary?
Igor Stravinsky
Which philosopher wrote Thus Spoke Zarathustra, which became the inspiration for a tone-poem of the same name by Richard Strauss?
Friedrich Nietzsche
La Dolce Vita, La Strada, and 8 1∕2 are films directed by
Federico Fellini
Who wereGeorges Melies and the Lumiere Brothers?
Pioneers of cinematography
all of the heroes in Shakespeare’s tragedies have a weakness in personality that eventually leads to their downfall.
fatal flaw
