Humanistic Psychology Flashcards
Assumption of humanistic psychology
All human can determine their own behaviour and have free will
Feature 1 free will
Humanism argues free will is possible
Human are self determining so behaviour is due to our choices and we can reject any internal or external influences
We have free will make choices to enable personal change and growth
So we are free to choose how we act
Feature 2 self actualisation
All humans have need to achieve full potential , to become the best they can possible be
Maslow developed hierarchy of needs that person requires for survival and growth
More basic needs need to be met before higher needs can be achieved
We can move up and down hierarchy
Hierarchy of needs
Self actualisation
Esteem needs
(Achievements/ self confidence)
Love/belonging
(Giving/recieving acceptance of love)
From friendships or relationships
Safety needs
(Home,job security)
Physiological needs
(Food,water)
Feature 3 the self and congruence
For person to achieve personal growth there needs to be a focus on the self
Actual self - who they acctually are in moment of time
Ideal self - person we should / want to be
When ideal self and actual self match what does this mean ?
Congruence
What does it mean when ideal self does not match up with actual self
Incongruence
Leading to low self worth
Poor psychological health
Anxiety
Feature 4 conditions of worth
Expectations from childhood
Placed in us by others e.g parents or teachers
Only worth it / loveable if you act in a certain way
E.g you should… otherwise
How to reduce incongruence
Counselling can help them deal with these issues
As there therapist create an environment where person can feel unconditional positive regard
Therapist avoids making judgments and must be empathetic
Help resolve c.o.w and help clients toward self actualisation
Developing more realistic view of ideal self
Closing gap between self and ideal self enabling congruence
Humanistic psychology on counselling (person centred therapy/PCT)
Where is it looking?
Focus is on present problems more forward thinking to help client to reduce incongruence
Who leads therapy in PCT?
Client is seen as expert in their own lives
Therapist offers empathy and genuiness
Is PCT directive or non directive ?
Non-directive , where client is encouraged to exert free will and discover their own solutions to there problems
