humanistic psychology

Question 1

free will

Answer 1

humans are affected by external & internal influences but self-determining (free will)

Question 2

Maslow’s hierarchy of neeeds

Answer 2

self-actualisation at top (deficiency needs like food, safety must be met before - growth need)
innate tendency to achieve our full potential

Question 3

focus on the self

Answer 3

ideas and values that characterise ‘I’ and ‘me’ and includes perception of self

Question 4

congruence

Answer 4

personal growth requires an individual’s concept of self to be congruent with their ideal self (aim of therapy is to establish this)

Question 5

conditions of worth

Answer 5

worthlessness & self esteem root in childhood due to a lack of unconditional positive regard from parents who set boundaries on their love ‘I will only love you if…’

Question 6

counselling psychology

Answer 6

client-centred therapy - therapist should be:
-genuine
-empathetic
-unconditional positive regard
to increase self-worth and reduce incongruence between the self-concept and the ideal self

Question 7

strengths

Answer 7

• holistic - looking at the whole person rather than attempting to break up behaviour & experience into smaller components
• positive approach - people are in control of their lives (Freud saw humans as prisoners of their past)

Question 8

weaknesses

Answer 8

• unmeasurable concepts - short on empirical evidence
• culture bias - focus on individualist - collectivist emphasise group needs so may not identify with ideals & values of humanistic psychology