Humanistic psychology Flashcards
Humanistic psychology
An approach to understanding human behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and every individual’s capacity for self-determination.
Free will
This refers to the idea that humans can make choices about how to think and behave. Humans are not determined by internal (eg. biological) and external (eg. environmental) forces beyond their control.
Hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s model which illustrates the hierarchical sequence of physiological and psychological needs that must be met before someone is able to achieve personal growth and reach self-actualisation.
Which needs are deficiency needs?
(in hierarchical order)
- physiological needs
- safety and security needs
- love and belonging needs
- self-esteem needs
Which need is a growth need?
Self- actualisation
What is the order of the hierarchy of needs?
- physiological and psychological needs
- Safety and security needs
- love and belonging needs
- self esteem needs
- self-actualisation
Physiological needs
The first level of Maslow’s hierarchy. Deficiency needs that include food, water, sex, breathing, sleep, shelter
Safety and Security needs
The second layer of Maslow’s hierarchy. Deficiency needs that include personal security, employment and health, resources.
Love and belonging needs
The third level of Maslow’s hierarchy. Deficiency needs that include friendship, intimacy and family.
Self-esteem needs
The forth level of Maslow’s hierarchy. Deficiency needs that include respect, self-esteem and recognition.
Self-actualisation
The top of Maslow’s hierarchy. This is a growth need and refers to a person’s innate desire to strive towards achieving their full potential l ( to become the person they are capable of)
Morality, creativity, problem solving, acceptance of the facts
The ideal self
A term used by Rogers to refer to the values and characteristics associated with the person that you want to be.
The perceived self (the self concept)
A term used by Rogers to refer to the values and characteristics you perceive yourself to have.
Congruence
When there is little or no gap between the ideal self and perceived self - you have become the person you want to be
Incongruence
When there is a mismatch between the ideal self and perceived self- you perceive yourself to be different to the person you want to be. Self-actualisation is not possible. Causes self-esteem issues.
