humanistic approach

Question 0

roger’s actualising tendency

Answer 0

core of personality is positive, fundamentally growth directed

Question 1

nomothetic or idiographic?determinism free-will?

Answer 1

idiographic- values unique person

free-will

Question 2

what causes human problems?

3

Answer 2

1. conditional positive regard
   = children don’t develop in true self because parents shape what ‘good’ and ‘bad’ thorguh accepting or rejecting them on conditions
2. incongruity
   = conflict between real and true self (repression)
3. negative socialisation
   = issue in raising children how we want them not to be who they truly are

Question 3

therapy

Answer 3

reconnect with true being

Question 4

fully-functioning person (5)

roger

Answer 4

1. OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE
2. EXISTENTIAL LIVING - living in the present
3. ORGANISMIC TRUSTING - trusting onself
4. EXPERIENTIAL FREEDOM - freedom of choice in moment (no ‘shoulds’)
5. CREATIVITY

Question 5

evaluating rogers theory

Answer 5

overly-optimistic view of human nature
difficult to scientifically asses
BUT
client-centered therapy contributed to current therapeutic techniques

Question 6

maslow’s approach

Answer 6

believes we need to study psychologically health people… self-actualised historical figures

Question 7

difference in maslow and rogers

Answer 7

maslow believes human problems arise not only from socialisation (rogers) but as a result of defficiency needs not being met -> leads to drustration and anti-social behaviour

Question 8

self-actualisation

Answer 8

= to become everything that one is capable of becoming

• act independently of culture
• problem centrered (outside of themselves)
• efficient perception of reality
• <1% population

Question 9

hierarchy of needs

Answer 9

physiological -> safety -> love&belonging -> esteem -> self-actualisation

Question 10

human agency

Answer 10

choice between safety & growth (free-will), needs may be met but we can choose to grow and self-actualise
…may not because fearful of our own success

Question 11

evaluation

Answer 11

• INFLUENTIAL, motivation and development of +ve psychology
• self-actualisation (maslow) biased towards white western males
• hierarchy of needs (maslow) has some empirical support but they’re exception (starving artist)