Humanistic Approach Flashcards
What does incongruence represent?
A mismatch between your real self (RS) and ideal self (IS)
Incongruence occurs when there is a disparity between how one perceives oneself and how one wishes to be.
What is the self-concept?
The way in which a person sees him or herself
This includes beliefs about oneself, such as attributes and who one is.
Who are the key figures associated with the Humanistic Approach?
Rogers and Maslow
They contributed significantly to the development of humanistic psychology and therapy.
What are the three essential elements of Personal-Centered Therapy (PCT)?
- Empathy with clients
- Genuineness
- Unconditional positive regard
These elements create a supportive therapeutic environment.
What does the term ‘unconditional positive regard’ refer to?
Accepting and valuing a person without conditions or judgments
This is a critical aspect of Rogers’ therapeutic approach.
True or False: Success in therapy is guaranteed regardless of the client’s personality.
False
Success is not inevitable and depends on the personality of the client.
Fill in the blank: The Humanistic Approach emphasizes __________ assessment over objective measures.
subjective
This approach focuses on the individual’s feelings and thoughts.
What is one criticism of Maslow’s hierarchy?
It lacks objective measures and can lead to inconsistent results
Critics argue that the hierarchy is overly simplistic and not empirically validated.
What is the goal of Personal-Centered Therapy?
To facilitate positive personality changes and help clients realize their potential
This therapy focuses on the client’s immediate needs rather than their past.
What are the implications of empathy in therapy?
It helps clients feel understood and validated
Empathy fosters a strong therapeutic alliance.
What does ‘genuineness’ in therapy mean?
Being authentic and transparent with clients
Therapists should respond honestly to foster trust.
What is the role of silence in therapy according to Rogers?
Allows clients to lead the conversation
Silence can encourage clients to explore their thoughts and feelings more deeply.
What is a potential outcome of applying Rogers’ therapy in organizations?
Boosts job satisfaction
This approach can help organizations meet the needs of employees.
What is the focus of Humanistic Therapy?
On the individual’s subjective experiences and feelings
This contrasts with more traditional, medical approaches to therapy.
What is self-actualization?
The realization or fulfillment of one’s talents and potential, often considered as the ultimate goal in personal development.
Self-actualization is often seen as the pinnacle of psychological development according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
What are the three preconditions for self-actualization?
- Absence of restraints
- No or little distraction
- Good knowledge of yourself
These preconditions are essential for an individual to pursue their full potential.
True or False: Self-actualization is a permanent state.
False
Self-actualization is not a static state; it requires continuous effort and fulfillment of various needs.
List the five levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Love/belonging needs
- Esteem needs
- Self-actualization
Each level must be satisfied before moving to the next.
What is the need for esteem?
The need for self-esteem, recognition, and respect from others.
This need is crucial for confidence and self-respect.
Fill in the blank: According to Maslow, all humans have certain needs which must be met to achieve _______.
self-actualization
Meeting these needs is essential for personal growth and fulfillment.
What can happen if needs are not met according to Maslow’s theory?
Individuals may experience feelings of anxiety, lack of meaning, and loneliness.
Unmet needs can lead to a range of psychological issues and hinder personal development.
Who developed a standardized measure for self-actualization?
Shastrum
Shastrum contributed to the evaluation of self-actualization through developed assessments.
What is a common characteristic of individuals striving for self-actualization?
They feel a desire to develop and experience positive energy.
This positive energy is often accompanied by confidence and contentment.
What did Ashessield et al. (2015) use to study self-growth?
The KOT
This tool was used to investigate the benefits associated with self-growth.
Fill in the blank: The need for _______ includes having a sense of security and stability.
safety
Safety needs encompass physical safety as well as financial and health security.
What psychological theories are mentioned in relation to self-actualization?
- Maslow
- Rogers
- Psychodynamic (Freud)
- Behaviorist
These theories provide different perspectives on human motivation and behavior.
What does the term ‘physiological needs’ refer to?
Basic requirements for human survival, such as food, water, and shelter.
Physiological needs are the foundation of Maslow’s hierarchy.
