Cognitive Approach Flashcards
What is inference in cognitive psychology?
Conclusions reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
Inference involves understanding mental processes that cannot be directly observed.
What do cognitive or mental processes mediate between?
Stimulus and response
These processes help explain behavior by interpreting information received from the environment.
What is the assumption about the human mind in cognitive psychology?
The human mind actively processes information through different senses
This indicates that cognitive psychology relies on understanding how the mind interprets stimuli.
What is the purpose of collecting knowledge in cognitive psychology?
To gain as much evidence as possible to support theories
Evidence is often gathered from observable behaviors, even though mental processes themselves are not directly observable.
What are some examples of cognitive processes?
- Memory
- Attention
- Problem solving
- Decision making
These processes are inferred from behavior and help in understanding cognitive theories.
What is the primary and recency effect in memory studies?
The first recalled word reflects the primary effect, and the last recalled words reflect the recency effect
These effects help in understanding the distinction between short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM).
What is the aim of the cognitive memory experiment conducted by Murdock?
To determine whether STM and LTM are the same or different stores
This experiment showcased the separate functions of STM and LTM.
What is the Multi Store Model of Memory?
A theoretical model describing how information is processed in STM and LTM
Developed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, this model categorizes memory storage into different types.
What is the General Problem Solver (GPS) in cognitive psychology?
A program designed to solve a wide range of problems by examining cognitive processes
Developed by Newell and Simon, it simulates human problem-solving abilities.
What is the significance of schema theory in cognitive psychology?
Schemas allow individuals to process large amounts of information and act based on prior experiences
This theory suggests that behavior is influenced by cultural and personal experiences.
True or False: Cognitive psychology can directly study mental processes.
False
Mental processes cannot be directly observed; they are inferred from behavior.
Fill in the blank: Cognitive psychology uses _______ to understand mental processes.
[theoretical models and computer simulations]
These models help to conceptualize and analyze cognitive functions.
What are the limitations of case studies in cognitive psychology?
They can be unrepresentative of the general population
This limits the ability to generalize findings to broader contexts.
What is the role of neuroscience in cognitive psychology?
To provide a biological basis for cognitive processes
Neuroscience examines how brain activity relates to cognitive functions.
