Humanistic approach Flashcards
humanistic approach
mind and behaviour which perceives all individuals as unique and motivated to fulfil their protentional and maximise their well-being
basic assumptions
every individual is unique (idiographic)
free will, but social cultural laws and morals which limit
people viewed holistically, if context is lost you lose who they are as a person and therefore its harder to treat them
scientific method is inappropriate to measure behaviour, humans are subjective
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
to reach full potential all needs must be met
physiological needs: food, eater, sleep, air
safety needs: security, protection, stability, freedom from fear
belonging and love needs: friends, intimate relationships, love of people
self-esteem needs: self-respect, perception of competence, status, recognition of others
self-actualisation needs: realising full potential
people move quickly up and down stages based on current needs
alexander et al: meta-analysis of 42 studies = meditation aided in growth towards self actualisation
Maslow: examined personality structure of 60 friends and historical figures , finding 15 character traits necessary to achieve self growth, such as autonomy and ability to perceive reality supporter self- actualisation being an achievable state
Roger’s focus on self
three selves which need to integrate toa chieve self-actualisation
self-concept: self you feel you are, people may have a distorted view of themself.
ideal-self: self that you wish you were
real-self: person you actually are
to achieve s-a must be congruent - integrated selves
conditions of worth = real or perceived if felt means they don’t have an unconditional positive regard meaning self-actualisation is harder to achieve
the influence of counselling therapy
client are made to feel comfortable by therapist = get past blockages
evaluation
hard to test empirically
vague but unique
widely accepted
culturally specific, individualist cultures relate but collective cultures don’t
allows for personal development and growth which is opposite to psychodynamic approach
