Humanistic Approach

Question 1

When was the humanistic approach developed?

Answer 1

1950s

Question 2

Why was it termed the ‘third force’?

Answer 2

Aimed to replace the 2 main approaches

Question 3

What was the humanistic approach intended to do?

Answer 3

Offer less deterministic approach

Question 4

What are humanistic theories concerned with?

Answer 4

Human experiences
Uniqueness
Meaning
Freedom
Choice

Question 5

Free will

Answer 5

The notion that humans can make choices and are not determined by biological or external forces

Question 6

What does the humanistic approach claim?

Answer 6

Human beings are self determining and have free will

Question 7

What does humans being self determining mean?

Answer 7

We are active agents who have the ability to determine our own development

Question 8

What does Maslow believe?

Answer 8

Humans are motivated by needs beyond those of basic biological survival

Question 9

What is fundamental to human nature?

Answer 9

The desire to grow and develop to achieve our full potential

Question 10

Mallows heirachy of needs

Answer 10

Ranges from basic needs to higher level psychological and actualisation needs

Question 11

What must happen before you can work towards self actualisation?

Answer 11

All four levels must be met

Question 12

What does mallows theory emphasise?

Answer 12

Human motivational factors

Question 13

Physiological stage

Answer 13

Breathing
Food
Water
Sex
Sleep
Homeostasis 
Excreation

Question 14

Safety stage

Answer 14

Security of body, employment, health,property, family

Question 15

Love/Belonging stage

Answer 15

Friendship
Family
Sexual intimacy

Question 16

Esteem stage

Answer 16

Self esteem
Confidence
Achievement
Respect of/by others

Question 17

Self actualisation

Answer 17

Morality
Creativity
Acceptance of facts
Problem solving

Question 18

What does Carl Rogers point out?

Answer 18

Individuals strive to achieve their ideal selves because they are motivated towards self improvements

Question 19

What did Rogers feel?

Answer 19

Freud dealt with sick half of psychology

Question 20

An assumption of the humanistic approach?

Answer 20

Humans have basic needs to feel nurtured and valued by significant people

Question 21

Another assumption of the humanistic approach?

Answer 21

If given freely, people will develop a healthy sense of self worth, recognising abilities and difficulties

Question 22

How is a healthy sense of well being established?

Answer 22

If individual maintains a reasonable consistency between ideal self and actual behaviour

Question 23

What is a healthy sense of well-being known as?

Answer 23

Congruence

Question 24

When is incongruence greatest?

Answer 24

Greater gap between ideal self and actual self

Question 25

What can incongruence lead to?

Answer 25

Low self worth and make adjustment

Question 26

What can stop the self from growing?

Answer 26

Defence mechanisms

Question 27

What is a method of investigation for the humanistic approach?

Answer 27

Q-sort assessment

Question 28

Who was the Q-sort assessment developed by?

Answer 28

Stephenson

Question 29

What did Rogers adopt Q-sort assessment into?

Answer 29

Client centred therapy

Question 30

What is the Q-sort?

Answer 30

Series of cards, each containing a personal statement

Question 31

What does the Q-sort measure?

Answer 31

Measurement of a persons congruence/incongruence

Question 32

An example of Q sort

Answer 32

“Needs recognition”
Statement is sorted into forced distribution under two sets of conditions
- describe real self
- describe ideal self

Question 33

Why did Rogers develop client centred therapy?

Answer 33

Reduce gap between the self concept and ideal self

Question 34

Conditions of worth

Answer 34

Parent who sets boundaries or limits on their love for their child is storing up psychological problems for future,

Question 35

What is an effective therapist able to provide clients with?

Answer 35

Unconditional positive regard they failed to receive as a child

Question 36

What is the humanistic approach’s primary application?

Answer 36

Therapeutic treatment

Question 37

Client centred therapy

Answer 37

Lindy encouraged to develop positive self regard and overcome mismatch between perceived self, true self and ideal self

Question 38

Gestalt therapy

Answer 38

Aim is to help client become a whole person by getting them to accept every aspect of themselves

Question 39

What do techniques of gestalt therapy include?

Answer 39

Confrontation
Dream analysis
Role playing

Question 40

cultural bias evaluation

Answer 40

many of the ideas that are central to humanistic psychology such as individual freedom and personal growth would be much more readily associated with individualist cultures in the western world. collectivists cultures which empathises the needs of the group may not identify easily with the ideals and values of humanistic psych. therefore it it possible that this approach would not travel well and is a product of the cultural context within which it was developed.

Question 41

IDA evaluation

Answer 41

it is holistic as it does not try to break down behaviour in simper components. This means that the approach may have more validity than its alternatives by considering meaningful human behaviour within its real life context. the approach also recognises both the influence of nature and nurture. nurture - the influence of experiences on a persons ways of perceiving and understanding the world and nature - through the influence of biological drives and needs

Question 42

limited application evaluation

Answer 42

humanistic psych has relatively little real world application. While maslows heirachy of needs has been used to explain motivation particularly in the workplace but it remains the case that the approach has had limited impact within the discipline of psych as a whole. this may be due to the fact that the approach has been described as a loose set of abstract concepts