Humanistic Approach Flashcards
Who created the humanistic approach?
Abraham Maslow and Rogers
What are the five stages in Maslows hierarchy of needs?
Self Actualisation Esteem Belonging Safety Physiological
What is self actualisation?
Where you grow as a person and reach full potential
In maslows hierachy,it’s morality,creativity,spontaneity,problem solving,lack of prejudice and acceptance of facts
What is esteem according to maslows hierachy?
Self esteem,confidence,achievement,respect for others, respect by others
What is belonging according to maslows hierachy?
Friendship,family,and sexual intimacy
What is safety according to maslows hierachy?
Security of body,of employment, of resources, of morality,of the family, of health and of property
What are the physiological needs in Maslows hierachy?
Breathing,food,water,sex,sleep,homeostasis and excretion
What are the origins and history?
Developed in America in the 1950s
Termed the third force since it aimed to replace behaviourism and psychoanalysis
Intended to offer a less deterministic and artificial approach
What were the main assumptions?
Believed that behaviourism and psychodynamic psychology
Concerned with growth of healthy individuals
Is the humanistic approach deterministic?
No it’s free will
What is congruence?
When the self and ideal self match
What is incongruence?
When the self and ideal self do not match
What is conditions of worth?
This is where a parent would say ‘I will only love you if…’
What is unconditional positive regard?
Basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person does
What methods would therapists use?
A sort methodology to discover if the client is congruent or incongruent
Gestalt Therapy
Client central therapy (CCT)
What is Gestalt Therapy?
The aim is to help the client become a whole person by getting them to accept every aspect of themselves
The hi questions include confrontation,dream analysis and role playing
What is client centred therapy?
The client is encouraged to develop positive self regard and overcome the mismatch et week their perceived self,true self and ideal self
What are some strengths of this approach?
Emphasis choice
Considers subjective conscious experience
Enabled psychologists to explore human existence with more sensitivity
Contributed to psychological theories and shown to be effective in treatment
What are some weaknesses to this approach?
Less impact on psychology
Not all cultures share the assumption that individual achievement brings fulfilment
Untestable concepts/vagueness of terms
What can this approach be applied to?
Depression
Schizophrenia
Aggression
Stress
How can this approach be applied to depression?
Depression/low self esteem results from lack of unconditional positive regard and an inability to accept ones self
How can this approach be applied to schizophrenia
Humanistic theories cannot directly tackle serious disorders but can be used as a supportive therapy for relatives
How could this approach be applied to aggression?
Aggresssive behaviour results from people who are not fully functioning at a psychological level. As a result, this blocks personal growth and prevents self actualisation. To remove aggression facilitates personal growth
How can this approach be applied to stress?
Counselling for stressful life events such as divorce and bereavement allows clients insight and control
What did harter et al find?
Teenagers who feel they have to fulfil certain conditions in order to gain their parents approval frequently end up not liking themselves
Those who create false self are more likely to develop depression and a tendency to lose touch with their true self
