Humanistic Approach

Question 1

Who created the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

Abraham Maslow and Rogers

Question 2

What are the five stages in Maslows hierarchy of needs?

Answer 2

Self Actualisation
Esteem
Belonging
Safety
Physiological

Question 3

What is self actualisation?

Answer 3

Where you grow as a person and reach full potential

In maslows hierachy,it’s morality,creativity,spontaneity,problem solving,lack of prejudice and acceptance of facts

Question 4

What is esteem according to maslows hierachy?

Answer 4

Self esteem,confidence,achievement,respect for others, respect by others

Question 5

What is belonging according to maslows hierachy?

Answer 5

Friendship,family,and sexual intimacy

Question 6

What is safety according to maslows hierachy?

Answer 6

Security of body,of employment, of resources, of morality,of the family, of health and of property

Question 7

What are the physiological needs in Maslows hierachy?

Answer 7

Breathing,food,water,sex,sleep,homeostasis and excretion

Question 8

What are the origins and history?

Answer 8

Developed in America in the 1950s
Termed the third force since it aimed to replace behaviourism and psychoanalysis
Intended to offer a less deterministic and artificial approach

Question 9

What were the main assumptions?

Answer 9

Believed that behaviourism and psychodynamic psychology

Concerned with growth of healthy individuals

Question 10

Is the humanistic approach deterministic?

Answer 10

No it’s free will

Question 11

What is congruence?

Answer 11

When the self and ideal self match

Question 12

What is incongruence?

Answer 12

When the self and ideal self do not match

Question 13

What is conditions of worth?

Answer 13

This is where a parent would say ‘I will only love you if…’

Question 14

What is unconditional positive regard?

Answer 14

Basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person does

Question 15

What methods would therapists use?

Answer 15

A sort methodology to discover if the client is congruent or incongruent
Gestalt Therapy
Client central therapy (CCT)

Question 16

What is Gestalt Therapy?

Answer 16

The aim is to help the client become a whole person by getting them to accept every aspect of themselves
The hi questions include confrontation,dream analysis and role playing

Question 17

What is client centred therapy?

Answer 17

The client is encouraged to develop positive self regard and overcome the mismatch et week their perceived self,true self and ideal self

Question 18

What are some strengths of this approach?

Answer 18

Emphasis choice
Considers subjective conscious experience
Enabled psychologists to explore human existence with more sensitivity
Contributed to psychological theories and shown to be effective in treatment

Question 19

What are some weaknesses to this approach?

Answer 19

Less impact on psychology
Not all cultures share the assumption that individual achievement brings fulfilment
Untestable concepts/vagueness of terms

Question 20

What can this approach be applied to?

Answer 20

Depression
Schizophrenia
Aggression
Stress

Question 21

How can this approach be applied to depression?

Answer 21

Depression/low self esteem results from lack of unconditional positive regard and an inability to accept ones self

Question 22

How can this approach be applied to schizophrenia

Answer 22

Humanistic theories cannot directly tackle serious disorders but can be used as a supportive therapy for relatives

Question 23

How could this approach be applied to aggression?

Answer 23

Aggresssive behaviour results from people who are not fully functioning at a psychological level. As a result, this blocks personal growth and prevents self actualisation. To remove aggression facilitates personal growth

Question 24

How can this approach be applied to stress?

Answer 24

Counselling for stressful life events such as divorce and bereavement allows clients insight and control

Question 25

What did harter et al find?

Answer 25

Teenagers who feel they have to fulfil certain conditions in order to gain their parents approval frequently end up not liking themselves
Those who create false self are more likely to develop depression and a tendency to lose touch with their true self