Humanism, arts and learning (6) Flashcards
Who were the earliest humanist scholars of significance in England?
William Crocyn and Thomas Linacre.
What did Crocyn begin to do?
Began to lecture at Oxford on the ideas of Plato and Aristotle.
What was Linacre influenced by?
The scientific thinking which he acquired in Italy.
Who was eve more influential as an educator?
John Colet
Who was John Colet’s most important ally?
Desiderius Erasmus
What did Erasmus epitomise?
The spirit of the new learning.
What had made little impression on England?
Humanism and the Renaissance.
What did English intellectual life continue to be dominated by?
Traditional medieval scholastic philosophy, which humanists considered to be too formal and old fashioned.
Where did most secondary education take place?
In grammar schools.
How many grammar schools were founded between 1460 and 1509?
53 new grammar schools.
What was central to the grammar school curriculum?
To study Latin.
Where did university education take place in?
Ancient universities such as Oxford and Cambridge.
What was the most important popular art form?
Drama
Where were plays presented?
In associations with church-ale festivals, for example at Bishop’s Stortford in Hertfordshire in 1490.
What were the most famous dramas?
They were the mystery plays performed at the feasts of Corpus and Coventry.
What were performances like?
They were festive occasions in which churches, corporations and guilds combined in public celebrations which set out straightforward moral and religious messages for moral improvement of their audiences.
What type of music was enjoyed at this time?
Local bagpipe and wind groups.
What was the most important surviving source for music?
The Eton Choir book, complied around 1505, a collection of 93 separate musical compositions.
What were the two composers represented in the Choir book?
Thomas Browne was employed in the household of the Earl of Oxford and Robert Fayrfax benefited regularly from the patronage of Lady Margaret Baufort as well as that of the king.
What sorts o instruments were used?
Trumpets, shawms and sackbuts or, in softer music, stringed instruments, recorders and lutes.
What did Browne and Fayrfax also compose?
Secular songs used for entertainment.
What was there a big increase in?
Building and rebuilding of parish churches that occurred at this time.
Where where the vast number of churches built and what was this an indication of?
Built in the Gothic perpendicular style is an indication of the scale of investment which took place.
When did Henry approve of this architectural style for the Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey?
1502
Who established his printing press in 1478?
William Caxton
What did English culture follow in the northwestern parts of Europe?
Gothic traditions
