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A Level Psychology (key Approaches) > Humanism > Flashcards

Humanism Flashcards

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1
Q

Who invented the hieracy of needs?

A

Maslow

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2
Q

What is the first level of the hierachy of needs?

A

Essential elements e.g. clean water, food, air

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3
Q

What is level 2 of the hierachy of needs?

A

Security, protection, freedom from persecution

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4
Q

What is level 3 of the hierachy of needs?

A

Social needs- supportive network, friendship, love etc

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5
Q

What is level 4 of the hierachy of needs?

A

Esteem needs, positive self-image

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6
Q

What is level 5 of the hierarchy of needs?

A

Self-actualisation, feelings of personal growth- person’s full potential

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7
Q

Strengths of the hierarchy of needs: application?

A

Has application to a range of fields e.g. can be applied to business settings to help set goals and priorities for staff to encourage upward mobility

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8
Q

Strengths of the hierarchy of needs: application to education?

A

Can be applied to education settings to encourage progress and attainments in terms of exam success and mastery of specific tasks

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9
Q

What are the assumptions of humanism: unique ?

A

Each individual is unique- humans are unique and good people
Personal growth

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10
Q

What are the assumptions of humanism: free will?

A

Humans have free will

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11
Q

What are the assumptions of humanism: science?

A

Science should not be used to explain behaviour

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12
Q

What are the assumptions of humanism: holism?

A

Humans should be viewed holistically and not reduced to their parts

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13
Q

Who invented congruence?

A

Carl Rogers

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14
Q

What is the ideal self?

A

The person they want to be

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15
Q

What is the real self?

A

The way they see themselves

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16
Q

What happens if the real self and ideal self are dissimilar?

A

The person experiences a state of incongruence

17
Q

What does incongruence stem from?

A

A lack of unconditional positive regard e.g. lack of unconditional love.

18
Q

What is one form of practical application of humanism?

A

Client- centred therapy

19
Q

What does client- centred therapy focus on?

A

Receiving unconditional praise

20
Q

What data does the Q-sort provide?

A

Quantitative and qualitative
Quantitative doesn’t allow for the richness of humans

21
Q

What does the humanistic approach see the individual as?

A

The individual is at the heart of their destiny- as opposed to external sources- humanistic psychologists will have an internal locus of control

22
Q

What is humanism in opposition to?

A

The behaviours and biological approaches which see behaviour as a response to either internal biological processes/external conditionining by the environment

23
Q

What is a weakness of self actualisation?

A

It is hard to measure as you can never fully tell when someone is actually fulfilled in life

24
Q

Strengths of humanism: reality is subjective?

A

Reflects the fact that that reality is subjective- everyone’s reality is unique to themselves

25
Q

Strengths of humanism: individual experiences?

A

Focuses on individual experiences- acknowledges the diversity and richness of the human experience- therefore its high in ecological validity

26
Q

Limitations of humanism: vagueness and lack of science?

A

Sense of vagueness and lack of scientific control- no lab experiments- hard to measure

27
Q

Limitations of humanism: Maslow’s hierarchy- different cultus?

A

Generally applicable to individualist cultures- does not have real world generalisation- does not account for cultural differences (collectivist cultures)

28
Q

Limitations of humanism: measuring?

A

Difficult to operationalise and measure

29
Q

Limitations of humanism: reliability?

A

Lacks reliability and is too open to interpretation

30
Q

Limitations of humanism: mental health disorders

A

Not appropriate for mental health disorders e.g. schizophrenia

31
Q

Limitations of humanism: treating biology?

A

Humanism is not appropriate to be used to treat anything that has a biological basis

A Level Psychology (key Approaches) (6 decks)

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