Human Sexuality/HIVand AIDS Flashcards
(101 cards)
1
Q
Endometriosis
A
Infectious condition of the uterine walls
2
Q
Amniocentesis
A
Pregnancy test that examine uterine fluids for birth defects
3
Q
Embryo
A
Developing baby during the embryonic stage of pregnancy
4
Q
Epistomy
A
Surgical procedure that is done to enlarge the vaginal opening for birth
5
Q
Impotency
A
Sexual dysfunction resulting in the inability to perform sexually
6
Q
Apgar Test
A
Pregnancy test that is used at birth to rate the newborns condition
7
Q
Pancreas
A
Gland that serves the digestive and endocrine systems
8
Q
Adrenal gland
A
Glands that helps the body deal with stress and respond to emergencies
9
Q
Thyroid gland
A
- regulate metabolism
- body heat
- growth
10
Q
Pituitary gland
A
- controls all other activities of the endocrine gland
11
Q
Parathyroid Gland
A
Regulates:
- calcium
- phosphorous
12
Q
Hormone
A
Chemical substances that help regulate many of the bodies functions
13
Q
Endocrine system
A
Secretes hormones
14
Q
Testes
A
Produce sperm for fertilization
15
Q
Ovaries
A
Produce egg cells
16
Q
Hypothalamus
A
Stimulates pituitary glands to secrete hormones
17
Q
Pineal gland
A
- puberty
- sleep cycle
18
Q
Thymus
A
- development of immune system
19
Q
3 lobes of the pituitary glands
A
- Anterior lobe
- Intermediate lobe
- posterior lobe
20
Q
2 parts of the adrenal gland
A
- adrenal cortex
- adrenal medulla
21
Q
Sterility
A
Results from
- few sperm
- poor quality of sperm
22
Q
Testes
A
Produce sperm for fertilization
23
Q
Ovaries
A
Produce egg cells
24
Q
Hypothalamus
A
Stimulates pituitary glands to secrete hormones
25
Pineal gland
- puberty
| - sleep cycle
26
Thymus
- development of immune system
27
3 lobes of the pituitary glands
- Anterior lobe
- Intermediate lobe
- posterior lobe
28
2 parts of the adrenal gland
- adrenal cortex
| - adrenal medulla
29
Sterility
Results from
- few sperm
- poor quality of sperm
30
Testes
2 glands located in the scrotum
31
Semen
Thick fluid containing sperm
32
Testosterone
- hormone
| - controls production of sperm
33
Scrotum
External skin sac
34
Ovaries
Female sex glands
35
Uterus
Protects and nourishes ovum till birth
36
Ovulation
Process of releasing a mature ovum into the Fallopian tube
37
Testes
2 glands located in the scrotum
38
Semen
Thick fluid containing sperm
39
Testosterone
- hormone
| - controls production of sperm
40
Scrotum
External skin sac
41
Ovaries
Female sex glands
42
Uterus
Protects and nourishes ovum till birth
43
Ovulation
Process of releasing a mature ovum into the Fallopian tube
44
Cervix
Opening to the uterus
45
First trimester
- brain ears arms form
| - heart beings to beat
46
Second Trimester
- eyes blink
- hearing
- eyebrows and eyelashes develop
- regular sleep patterns
47
Third trimester
Uses all 5 senses
48
Fallopian tubes
Transports eggs to the uterus
49
Vagina is also knows as the ________
"Birth canal"
50
Urinary bladder
Stores urine
51
Uretha
Helps transport urine to outside of the body
52
Prostate Gland
Secretes urine
53
Vas deferens
Transports sperm
54
Erectile tissue
Can fill with blood before an erection
55
Testicle
Produces
- sperm
- testosterone
56
Epididymis
Stores and transports sperm
57
Scrotum
Controls temp to protect sperm
58
Bulbourethral gland
Creates a sugar-like fluid
59
Seminal vesicle
Holds the liquid that mixes with sperm
60
Somatotrophic hormone
Stimulates growth
61
Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
Stimulates the thyroid gland
62
Adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH)
Stimulates adrenal gland
63
Follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Stimulates protection of other sex hormones
64
Inguinal Hernia
Part of the intestines push through a tear in the abdominal wall
65
Amniotic Sac
Surrounds and protects the developing embryo
66
Umbilical cord
Connects Fetus to mothers placenta
67
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
68
AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
69
What is HIV?
- virus that causes AIDS
- Severely damages the Immune system by affecting and destroying white blood cells
- Person can be a carrier w/out having AIDS
- spread by direct contact with contaminated body fluids
70
Origins of AIDS
Unknown
71
When was AIDS fist identified in the US
- 1981
- blindly ignored
- 1.5 million people are HIV positive but are unaware
72
HIV transmission
```
-Body fluids-
•Blood
•Seam
•Vaginal fluids
•Breast Milk
-Unprotected sex
•Any Kind
-Mother to child
-Needles and Syringes
```
73
Common Myths
- not through mosquitoes
- not through the air
- Not through pools
74
HIV and AIDS high risk behavior
- Unprotected sex (Any kind)
- Sharing Drug paraphernalia with an infected person
- contact with body fluids or blood of an infected person
75
Symptoms of HIV
-develop in as little as 6 months
- symptoms may not show up for 10-15 years after being infected
-Symptoms
•Fatigue
Weigh loss
Fever
Night sweats
Body rashes
Headaches
Diarrhea
Swollen glands
76
Stages of infection
1) Acute-
- large amounts of the virus are being produced in your body.
- Many people develop the worst flu ever
2) Clinical Latency-
- HIV reproduces at very low levels although it is still active.
- Maybe have symptoms, many people live with clinical latency for several decades.
- Without treatment this period could last up till ten years but some people progress faster
3) AIDS-
- CD4 cells fall below 200 cells/mm
- without treatment people are said to have survived 3 years
77
A.I.D.S
A-(acquired)from people through person-to-person contact
I-(immune) Body's ability to fight off infections
D- (Deficiency) Laking ability to stop the outbreak of disease and infections conditions
S- (Syndrome) symptoms are present that are characteristic of a specific disease and disorder
78
Opportunistic infections and illnesses
Infectious conditions and diseases that would normally be defeated by a healthy immune system but HIV infection has caused immune suppression in the immune system and cannot prevent the Opportunistic infections from causing illness
79
Kaposi's Sarcoma
?
80
How many people world wide are living with HIV/AIDS
35 million
81
Testing options
Mouth swab
Urine sample
Blood sample
82
Where are HIV positive antibodies detected
-HIV positive antibodies are detected in the blood
83
Ora Quick
Oral swab of the mouth 20 minutes or less
84
Elisa
(Enzyme Linked immune-sorbent Assay) Blood test
85
Western Blot-
Specific blood Test
86
Treating HIV
- Medications slow the growth of the virus
- medications help prevent certain threatening conditions
- eat healthy exercise and get lots of sleep
87
HIV/AIDS treatments
-AIDS cocktails
• combination of various HIV anti-viral medications
-protease inhibitors
•protect the T cells and B cells from being attacked
-Entry fusion inhibitors
•target the CXCR4 receptor on HIV and prevent the virus from entering and infecting healthy cells
88
Sexually transmitted disease (STD)
- Infections have produced symptoms
| - treatment is required
89
Sexually transmitted infections (STI)
- Infection present
- No symptoms
- can clear up on own if not viral
90
Sti and std risk factors
• sexually active-
- lack of protection
- multiple sex partners
```
•Drug/Alcohol use
• lack of communication
•lack of testing
-history of STI's
•Being female
-immature cervix
```
91
Types of STI's
```
Bacterial
Virus
Fungi
Protozoa
Insects/mites
```
92
Symptoms for STI's and STD's for females
Females
- abdominal pain
- abdominal bleeding
- irregular discharge
- bump or sore
- Burning with urination
93
Symptoms for STI's and STD's for males
```
Discharge
Burning with urination
Bump or sore
Rash
Testicular pain
```
94
How are STD transmitted
- Intercourse
| - Outcourse (skin to skin contact)
95
Bacterial STD
- treatable incurable with medication
- chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
- syphilis
96
Chlamydia
Most common bacterial STD
- silent STD
- leads to sterility and infertility
- can make you more susceptible to other STI's
- can cause eye infection or pneumonia in newborns
97
Gonorrhea
- the drip, white yellow or green discharge
| - leads to sterility and infertility
98
Syphilis
-disease in the blood
99
PID
- 76% of PID is caused by chlamydia and gonorrhea
- greatly reduces the chances of pregnancy
- greatly increases the chance of turbal pregnancy
100
Epididymis tips
-May result from untreated chlamydia
or gonorrhea
-symptoms include pain in testes grown or abdomen
-treatment includes anabiotic's Evolation of testis ice pack or aspirin to dull pain
101
Syphilis
Disease of the blood
Enter through open sores
Four stages
Can be passed from onto baby
