Human rights Casestudy: Strategies in Afghanistan Flashcards
Where is Afghanistan
Southwest Asia
Why has Afghanistan’s development been inhibited?
It’s development has been inhibited by long periods of political instability and armed conflict
How many civilians have died in Afghanistan in the last 2 decades?
Up to 50k
How many military personnel have died in Afghanistan?
Around 7000 Us and Allied Forces
Up to 70000 Afghan military and police
What is evidence of gender inequality human rights violations in Afghanistan?
- Afghanistan ranks lowest on the Global Gender Gap Index
- MMR of 640/100,000 live births, that is predicted to rise over 1000 following 2025
- There is a high adolescent birth rate
- Omly 12% of women have advanced to secondary education
- Women are currently restricted from many workplaces
What is evidence of restricted socio-economic development in Afghanistan?
- Afghanistan ranks 168 out of 189 countries in HDI.
- This HDI outcome is due to a low life expectancy of 53 years 3.8 years average schooling and 55% below the poverty line.
How is displacement a human right issue in Afghanistan?
1.7 million IDPs (internally displaced persons) have been displaced and many more have migrated abroad to seek asylum in response to other violations
Why are women’s rights violations in Afghanistan?
- The 2018 OHCHRreport that 87% of Afghanistan’s women experience physical, sexual or emotional violence with a lack of justice.
How many journalists have quit since seizure of Afghanistan from the Taliban?
84% have quit from fear of repression.
What is the UNs mission in Afghanistan called?
The UNAMA (United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan)
What is the aims of UNAMA in Afghanistan?
- Worked with and supported the government
- To support the process of peace and reconciliation
- To monitor and promote human rights
- Protect civilians in armed conflict
- To promote good governance to encourage socio-economic development and co-operation.
What is another UN agency in Afghanistan apart from UNAMA?
The OHCHR (The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights)
What does the OHCHR do in Afghanistan?
The OHCHR (a UN organisations) works with the UN UNAMA human rights component, promoting rights to food, shelter, education, livelihood, health, justice and physical security.
What does UNICEF stand for?
The UNs International Children’s Emergency Fund (United Nations Children’s Fund)
What does the UNDP stand for?
The United Nations Development Programme
How does UNICEF promote rural development in Afghanistan?
- Promoting community based schools
- Protecting children from child marriage, labour and domestic abuse
- Providing safety for children affected by conflict
- Preventing child recruitment into armed groups
- Supplying mobile healthcare to vaccinate children and provide maternity service
What did the USAID agricultural programme do in Afghanistan?
- Combats the food insecurity issue in Afghanistan (1/3 face severe food insecurity)
- Increases agricultural productivity and rural employment to support rural communities under the poverty line
What is a province in Afghanistan that has been benefited by UN, NGOs and government efforts?
- The Ghor Province.
- It is a remote mountainous rural area with poor accessibility.
- Access to healthcare, education and food security would be minimal without co-ordinated support.
What is the main example of an NGO in Afghanistan?
Afghanaid
What UN division supports Afghanistan’s urban neighborhoods?
UN Habitat
What does the UN Habitat do in Afghanistan urban neighborhoods?
- Co-ordinates with the Afghan government, local government and community councils.
- It uses funds from the Japanese government to upgrade neighborhoods in provincial capitals and Kabul.
What can you argue about the UN Habitat’s work on neighborhoods?
If asked a question about what is the most important role, UN Habitat works with the Government so it is a combined effort
What is the capital of Afghanistan?
Kabul
What is the basis of UN Habitat’s project to improve urban areas?
The election of Community Development Councils (CDCs) to combat deprivation.
- Deprivation here is caused by denial of human rights and economic and security motivated urbanization.
- CDCs were locally elected and had 50%
