human reproductive system Flashcards
what is the function of sex glands?
produce nutrient fluid to nourish the sperm
what is the function of sperm duct?
carries sperm from the testes to the urethra
urethra?
- a tube that allows sperm to pass through during ejaculation
- allows urine to be removed from the body
what is the function of the testis?
- produces sperms
- produces male sex hormones that control sexual development in the body
what is the function of the penis?
deposits semen (a white liquid made up of nutrient fluid and sperm) into the vagina during ejaculation
what happens during sexual intercourse? (male)
- sperm produced by both testes travel along the sperm ducts and enter the urethra
- sex glands release a fluid to nourish the sperm
- the penis deposits semen containing millions of sperm cells deep into the vagina
what is semen?
the mixture of nutrient fluid and sperm
what is ejaculation?
the process in which semen leaves the male reproductive system.
what is oviduct
- a tube through which an egg is released from the ovary
- fertilisation usually take place here
functions of the ovary?
- produces eggs
- produces female sex hormones that control the sexual development in the body
what happens during ovulation?
- an ovary releases an egg cell, which then enters the oviduct.
- ## if the egg is fertilised, it will travel towards the uterus to be implanted in its wall.
what is uterus?
- a muscular organ where an embryo develops into a foetus during pregnancy
- contains a lining called the uterine lining, which thicken to prepare for implantation and breakds down when no fertilisation occurs
what is the cervix?
- opening of the uterus
- connects the uterus to the vagina
vagina?
- sperm are deposited here
- also known as the birth canal
what is the process of fertilisation
- the penis deposits semen containing sperm cells in the vagina
- the sperm cells swim to the cervix, into the uterus, then the oviduct
- a sperm cell meets an egg cell in the oviduct
- fertilisation occurs when the nucleus of the sperm cell fuses with the nucleus of the egg cell. all other sperm cells die
what is menstruation?
the process when fertilisation of an egg does not occur, and the lining of the uterus and the blood vessels break down and are discharged through the vagina with the unfertilised egg
effects of substance abuse pn the feotus
- babies may be born premature
- may be born with low birth weight
- may develop respiratory problems
- can lead to physical, intellectual and behavioural changes
what is abortion?
a deliberate termination of a pregnancy where the feotus is removed through the use of medication or surgical means
permanent methods of birth control
- tubal ligation (the oviducts are surgically cut and tied)
- vasectomy (sperm ducts are surgically cut and tied)
