human reproductive system Flashcards
what does sexual reproduction involve?
the formation of new individuals using the combined genetic material from 2 individuals (the parents)
what is puberty?
the time in life when a boy or girl becomes sexually mature (10-14 for girls, 12-16 for boys)
what is the first sign of puberty in girls?
breast development
what happens last for a girl in puberty
periods
what is the first sign of puberty in boys?
testes and penis get bigger
what is the last thing that happens to a boy in puberty?
facial hair and deep voice
what is menopause?
time in a woman’s life when menstruation stops
what age does menopause usually happen?
45 up
what is the menstruation cycle?
a series of events that occurs about every 28 days
what is menstruation?
the loss of blood from the lining of the uterus through the vagina
what is ovulation?
the release of an egg from an ovary
what is the fertile period?
time during the menstruation cycle when a woman is most likely to become pregnant.
what is ejaculation?
the release of semen from the penis
what is fertilisation?
the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
where does fertilisation occur?
in the fallopian tube
what is implantation?
the attachment of the embryo to the lining of the uterus
what is pregnancy?
the time the embryo spends developing in the uterus
what is the placenta?
an organ that allows substances
to be exchanged between the mother’s blood and the embryo’s blood.
what is labour?
onset of painful contractions
of the muscles of the uterus that become stronger and more frequent as the birth of the baby gets closer.
what is infertility?
inability of a person to reproduce
by natural means.
what does ivf stand for?
in vitro fertilisation
what is ivf?
the mixing of sperm and an egg outside the woman’s body. the resulting embryo can be implanted in the woman’s uterus in order for her to become pregnant.
what is contraception?
birth control. methods or devices invented to prevent pregnancy.
