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5th form GCSE Bioligy > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the sperm produced?

A
  • The testes
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2
Q

How often are eggs produced by a female?

A
  • Produced monthly
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3
Q

What is different between when females get their eggs and when males get their sperm?

A
  • Woman are born with their eggs
  • Males start producing sperm in puberty and always continue to do so
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4
Q

State the diagram of the female reproductive organ?

A
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5
Q

State the diagram of the male reproductive organ?

A

*

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6
Q

How many chromasones does a sperm have?

A
  • 23
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7
Q

How many chromosomes will an egg have?

A
  • 23
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8
Q

What is external fertilisation?

A
  • This kind of fertillisation takes place outside the body and is therfore called external fertilisation
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9
Q

What is internal fertilisation?

A
  • Ejaculate semen inside the females body
  • Fertillisation is more likley that external fertilisation
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10
Q

How many chormasomes does a noramal human body have?

A
  • 46
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11
Q

The sperm (23) egg (23) are two sets of chormasomes. What is this called?

A
  • Diploid cell
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12
Q

What do we call half the genetic information required for a human?

A

Haploid cells

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13
Q

What is the first cell formed in fertilisation called?

A
  • Zygote
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14
Q

Define fertilisation?

A
  • Fertilisation is the fusion of haploid male and haploid female gametes, restoring the diploid number of chromosomes in the zygote
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15
Q

State the sperms journey to the egg…

A
  1. During sexual intercourse the sperm passes along the sperm duct and are mixed with a fluid from the seminal vesicles
  2. This mixture is called semen
  3. It is egaculated into the vagina of the female out of the urethra
  4. The sperm then swims towards the oviducts
  5. If the ovum is present fertiliasation will occur and form a zygote
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16
Q

What is random fertillisation?

A
  • Produces genetic variation of offspring
17
Q

What happens after the Zygote has been formed?

A
  • Zygote will travel down the oviduct
  • During this time it will begin to develop into an embryo and will implant in the lining of the uterus
18
Q

What hormone does placenta secrete?

A
  • Progesterone
19
Q

What does progesterone do?

A
  • Maintains the uterus lining
20
Q

What do we call it when an embryo looks human?

A
  • Foetus
21
Q

What does the amnion secrete? (Fluid)

A
  • Amniotic fluid
22
Q

What is placenta?

A
  • A placenta, connected by an umbilical chord develops from the embryo. The placenta anchors the embryo in the uterus.
  • It also allows: - Nutrients and oxygen to move from the mother to the embryo.
    *
23
Q

What effects the timing of the menstrual cycle?

A
  • FSH
  • Oestrogen
  • LH
  • Progesterone
24
Q

Where is FSH secreted?

A
  • Pituitary Gland
25
Q

What is FSH target organ?

A
  • Follical in the ovary
26
Q

What is the effect of FSH?

A
  • Follicle develops and ovum matures
27
Q

Where is Oestrogen secreted?

A
  • Ovary
28
Q

What is Oestrogens target organ?

A
  • Pituitary gland
  • Uterus lining
29
Q

What effects do Oestrogen have?

A
  • Stimulates LH production
  • Stops FSH produced
  • Thickens uterus lining
30
Q

Where is LH secreted?

A
  • Pituitary gland
31
Q

What is LH target organ?

A
  • Follicle in the ovary
32
Q

What effect does LH have?

A
  • Ovulation- follicle on ovary releases mature ovum into oviduct
33
Q

Where is Progesterone secreted?

A
  • Ovary
34
Q

What is Progesterones target organs.

A
  • Pituitary gland
  • Uterus lining
35
Q

What effect does Progesterone have?

A
  • FSH and LH inhibited
  • Thickness of uterus lining maintained
36
Q

State the menstrual cycle…

A
  1. Loss of Uterus lining (period)
  2. The pituitary gland produces FSH
  3. This tells ovary to form a mature egg
  4. Follicle develops with the maturing egg inside it
  5. Lining of uterus has been repaired and thickened by the hormone Oestrogen
  6. As Oestrogen levels rise, stops production of FSH and triggers LH production
  7. Egg is released and travels down oviduct to the uterus
37
Q

What effect does puberty have on Boys?

A
  • Voice breaks
  • Sperm production begins
  • Facial, armpit and pubic hair grow
  • Growth and development of genitalia
38
Q

What effect does puberty have on girls?

A
  • Voice deepens but doesn’t break
  • Menstrual cycle begins
  • Armpit and pubic hair growth
  • Brests develop

5th form GCSE Bioligy (7 decks)

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