Human Reproduction Flashcards
What is the function of the scrotum
Regulates temperature
Protection
What is the function of the testes
Lobules with seminiferous tubules
Produce sperm and testosterone
What is the function of the epididymis
Where immature sperm become mature and are stored
What is the function of the sperm duct
Pushes mature sperm forward
What is the function of the urethra
Transports urine and semen
What is the function of the prostate gland
Secretes fluid that aids transport of the sperm
What is the function of cowpeas gland
Secretes fluid that neutralises acidic urine and lubricated the urethra
semen contains what
Sperm from testes
Seminal fluid
What is the structures of the ovaries
Germinal epithelium layer
Tiny sac like structures (prim follicles)
Function of the ovaries
Forms and releases eggs and produces oestrogen and progesterone
What are the structures of the Fallopian tubes
Lined with cilia
Finger like outgrowths called fimbria
Functions of the Fallopian tubes
Site of fertilisation and first cell division
Enable egg and Zygote to move toward uterus
What is the function of the uterus
Organ where blastocyst implants and grows
How does puberty start
Hypothalamus in brain stimulates the pituitary gland to release gonadotropins
What are the gonadotropins released
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone
Follicle stim hormone
What is gametogenesis
The formation of mature gametes
What is spermatogenesis
The production of mature sperm
What are the steps of spermatogenesis
Form new spermatogonia
Primary spermatocytes
Two (n) secondary spermatocytes
Four haploid sperm cells
What is oogenesis
The production of mature egg cells
What are the stages of oogenesis
Primary follicles
Grow 2 Graafian follicles=2prim oocyte
Prim oocyte =egg
What are the steps of gestation
Fertilisation Divided into 2 cell then morula Blastocyst Embryo and amnion Trophoblast to foetal period
What is the importance of oestrogen and progesterone
Oestrogen =production of prog and other preg hormones
Progesterone =formation and maintenance of placenta
What is the difference between and embryo and a foetus
Embryo=cell diff still taking place
Foetus=organs have developed
What is the function of the chorion and. The chorionic villi
Large surface area for attachment and diffusion and placenta production
What are the functions of the placenta
O2 and food teansferred to foetus
Foetal waste to be excreted
Maternal antibodies passed on
Barrier and endocrine function(relaxin)
What is the hormone that shows whether someone is pregnant or not
Human gonadotropin
What is the amnion
Membrane that covers embryo
What is the functions of the amniotic fluid
Medium for breathing and swallowing practice
Protection
Holds urine
What does the umbilical chord consist of
Umbilical artery (deoxy and waste out) Umbilical vein (oxy and food in)
What’s does the first trimester consist of
0-12weeks
Nausea
Vomiting
End of period
What does the 2nd trimester consist of
12-28 weeks
Stronger
Movement
Not too heavy
What does the 3rd trimester consist of
28-40 weeks Final weight gain More movement Pre milk (colostrum) Brixton hicks
What does birth consist of
Labour dilation of cervix forces for us and amnion to cervix
Delivery
Release of afterbirth
What is the production of milk from the mammary glands called
Lactation
What causes lactation
Oes and prog stimulate growth of the mammary glands
Prolactin stimulates milk production
Oxytocin stimulates release of milk
