Human Reproduction

Question 1

Penis

Answer 1

spongy tissue that fills with blood to become erect

- function is to remove urine and semen

Question 2

Scrotum

Answer 2

loose bag of skin that hangs outside of the body

- function is to hold the testes and keep the sperm at the right temperature

Question 3

Testes

Answer 3

egg shape glands, produce sperm and testosterone

Question 4

Epididymis

Answer 4

highly coiled tubes that holds the sperm

- 6m long, on top of the testes

Question 5

Vans Deferance

Answer 5

thick-walled tube, carries sperm to the prostate gland and the urethra

Question 6

Prostate Gland

Answer 6

produces fluids, secretes and nourishes sperm

Question 7

Urethra

Answer 7

tube from bladder to the prepuce

Question 8

Uterus

Answer 8

nourish the developing fetus prior to birth

- egg implants itself in the lining of the uterus

Question 9

Ovaries

Answer 9

produce egg cells (ova, oocytes)

Question 10

Fallopian Tube

Answer 10

channels for the eggs to be fertilized and transported between ovaries and uterus

Question 11

Cervix

Answer 11

Door to the uterus which sperm travel through to fertilize the eggs

• keeps unhealthy things out of body
  eg. tampon

Question 12

Vagina

Answer 12

provided a passageway for blood and mucosal tissue from uterus during periods
- holds sperm till they pass to uterus

Question 13

Clitoris

Answer 13

main pleasure centre for females during sex

Question 14

Labium Minoris

Answer 14

protective structure surrounding the clitoris

Question 15

Labium Majoris

Answer 15

protects the inner, delicate structures of the vulva

Question 16

Stage 1 - fertilization

Answer 16

sperm meets egg and enters in the fallopian tube

Question 17

Stage 2 - zygote

Answer 17

fertilized egg

- n+n=2n

Question 18

Stage 3 - 4 cell stage

Answer 18

mitosis (4days)

- creates four cells

Question 19

Stage 4 - Morula

Answer 19

ball of cells, solid ball of blastomeres (stem cells)

- 3 days

Question 20

Stage 5 - Early blastocyst

Answer 20

Morula hollows out, fills with fluid, and ‘hatches’

- 3 germ layers (4 days)

Question 21

Stage 6 - Implanting blastocyst

Answer 21

moves through the uterus until it maes contact with uterine wall and remains attached till live birth

• sphere of trophoblast cells (inner cell mass)
• 7 days

Question 22

Pregnancy

Answer 22

Implantation of zygote
- embryo to a fetus
40 weeks

Question 23

First Trimester

Answer 23

0 to 10 weeks

• develops organs
• mother gets morning sickness: body rejecting unknown growth inside body

Question 24

Second Trimester

Answer 24

11 to 26 weeks

• organs fully develop
• begins to move around
• starts to hear and swallow

Question 25

Third Trimester

Answer 25

27 to 40 weeks

• positions itself head down
• increases in size and weight

Question 26

FSH - Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 26

controls the menstrual cycle and stimulates the growth of eggs in ovaries

• levels change through mentrual cycle (highest at ovulation)
• produced by pituritary gland in brain

Question 27

LH - Luteinizing hormone

Answer 27

works together with FSH to control menstrual cycle

- produced by anterior pituitary gland

Question 28

Testosterone

Answer 28

mainly produced by men in the testes

• affects a mans appearance and sexual development
• stimulates sperm production as well as ones sex drive
• builds muscle and bone mass

Question 29

Oestrogen

Answer 29

mainly female sex hormone

• maturation and maintenance of the vagina and uterus
• involved in ovarian function
• required for female fertility
• puberty, strengthens bones

Question 30

Progesterone

Answer 30

prepares the uterine walls for the potential development of pregnancy after ovulation

• triggers lining to thicken to accept fertilized egg
• prohibits muscle contractions in the uterus which could cause body to regect an egg