Evolution

Question 1

What are selection pressures?

Answer 1

Something that influences an organism’s variation

• change in environment, provide an individual with a better chance at surviving
• overtime led to evolution

Question 2

Variation = more chance of survival

Answer 2

change in species

• environment changes there may be individuals within a species who are able to withstand the change and survive
• occur in offsprings
• basic mechanism which allows evolution
  
  • due to mutations, meiosis and gene flow

Question 3

Survival of the fittest

Answer 3

random occurrences that allow certain variations to survive

• not necessarily the strongest, biggest
• due to chance, but needs variation

Question 4

Antibiotic resistance

Answer 4

have been used for many years so they have become resistant

• bacteria uses survival of the fittest to survive the antibiotics - then adapt over a period of time
  
  • adapt and mutate creating a genetic variation
• passes trait onto offspring resulting in immune bacteria

Question 5

Cycle of antibiotic bacteria

Answer 5

1. high no. of bacteria few resistant to antibiotics
2. antibiotics kill pathogenic and good bacteria
3. antibiotic-resistant bacteria multiply without competition
4. transfer gene to new bacteria

Question 6

Microevolution

Answer 6

a short period of time

- change in allele frequency, within an individual population

Question 7

Macroevolution - millions of years

Answer 7

occurs over a long period of time

- when new species form