Human Population Test Study Guide

Question 1

Define population

Answer 1

group of interbreeding individuals of the same species, usually living together in a group

Question 2

Characteristics of populations

Answer 2

1. Size
2. Density
3. Distribution
4. Sex ratio
5. Age structure

Question 3

Characteristics of K-selected species

Answer 3

species that have relatively few offspring and devote a large amount of time, energy, and resources towards nurturing and raising their young. low biotic potential, remain close to carrying capacity and constant pop size

Question 4

Examples of K-selected species

Answer 4

humans, elephants, horses and cows

Question 5

Equation for Population Size

Answer 5

initial population + (births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)

Question 6

Exponential Growth

Answer 6

illustrates the drastic population growth produced by animals with high biotic potential.

Question 7

Equation for Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Answer 7

of deaths/ 1000 people –> to get the death rate % divide by 10

Question 8

Equation for Doubling Time

Answer 8

70/(annual % growth rate) remember the Rule of 70

Question 9

Define crude

Answer 9

meaning that age structure is not taken into account

Question 10

Logistic Growth

Answer 10

s-shaped curve; exponential growth is temporary and is followed by a gradual decline until it meets the logistic carrying capacity (or a drought or famine occurred)

Question 11

Age structure diagrams and what they show

Answer 11

Show current and future population trends. Include expansive, stable, and constrictive. (look at notes for this one)

Question 12

Total Fertility Rate and what it says about their country

Answer 12

The average number of children born to a woman in a country. A high TFR is common in underdeveloped countries where prevention and education is low. This could also occur due to religious or societal reasons like young marriages and what’s common within their community.

Question 13

Population Density

Answer 13

• The number of individuals per unit area.

Question 14

Reasons a population would increase

Answer 14

1. Large number of baby boom women in reproductive years
2. Large number of unmarried mothers
3. High fertility rates in certain ethnic groups
4. high levels of immigration
5. Inadequate family planning services

Question 15

Population Density Independent

Answer 15

• Factor that influence an individuals chance of survival that does not on the population size.
• Natural disasters, climate change

Question 16

Total Fertility Rate and what it says about their country

Answer 16

The average number of children born to a woman in a country. A high TFR is common in underdeveloped countries where prevention (birth control) and education is low. This could also occur due to religious or societal reasons like young marriages and what’s common within their community.

Question 17

Infant Mortality Rate and what it says about their country

Answer 17

The average number of babies that die before their first birthday out of every 1,000. A low IMR means that the population is increasing and life expectancy is high, Underdeveloped countries could experience a high IMR due to lack of medical care from being less advanced.

Question 18

Population Density

Answer 18

the number of individuals in a population per unit area. Usually more resources and a larger area are necessary for species that are larger in size, whereas smaller organisms don’t need as much space or as many resources.

Question 19

Examples of r-selected species

Answer 19

spiders, fish, frogs

Question 20

Characteristics of and r-selected species

Answer 20

small organisms that have short gestation periods and produce thousands of offspring at a time. energy and resources are put into producing offspring rather than raising the young. short lives, pop size varies but usually below carrying capacity

Question 21

Population Density Dependent

Answer 21

• Factors that influence an individuals chance of survival and that depends on the population size.
• Predators, competition, disease

Question 22

Biotic Potential

Answer 22

The ideal conditions that allows organism to grow at its maximum rate (less competition, abundance of food, less predators)

Question 23

Equation for Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Answer 23

of births/ 1000 people –> to get the birth rate % divide by 10