Human Population and Environment Flashcards
Who predicted famine, conflict and misery in 1798?
Thomas Malthus
What is the current human population?
7.8 billion
What is the predicted population for 2050?
9.8 billion
What is the Brandt Line?
The division between the north and the south- remnant of colonialism and maintains inequality.
What is the global average for life expectancy?
67 years
What is the Canada average life expectancy for males and females?
77 years and 82 years.
What is the global total fertility rate (TFR)?
2.8
What are the 4 causes behind migration?
- Push-pull logic
- Mobility Transition
- Behavioral Causes
- Selectivity
What are refugees?
People displaced because of war, discrimination, disaster and poverty.
What are squatter settlements? Where is the largest?
Self-made housing areas with poor conditions. Susceptible to disease, limited opportunities, and overwhelmed by population. Largest- Mexico City
What is the human population of North America? What is it expected to be in 2050?
352 million- expected to reach 448 million in 2050.
True of False: Today roughly 20% of Canadians and Americans live in urban/suburban areas.
False: the correct percentage is 80%.
What is Ecological (Social) Carrying Capacity?
The maximum population size of a given species than an area can support without damaging the area or reducing its future capacity to support the species.
What percentage of GHG do livestock contribute?
51%
How many farm animals are reared annually world wide?
70 billion
What is spatial geography?
Spatial constructed “orderings” we have with respect to how we situate animals on a landscape, even though the wildlife existed there first. Example- cougars in California trying to live, while house owners want them out.
What is Wildlife Acceptance Capacity?
The maximum wildlife population level in a given area that is acceptable to people.
What are the 4 categories of environmental ethics?
Anthropocentric, biocentric, Ecocentric and Deep Ecology.
What is an anthropocentric view?
A human centered view, which focuses on human health, economic cost and aesthetic concerns.
What is a biocentric view?
All life has ethical standings, and we impact all living things.
What is a Ecocentric view?
Focuses on the integrity of ecological systems, and believes an individual is less important than said system.
What is a deep ecology view?
Self-realization, understanding we are inseparable from nature. Believes in biocentric equality, and all living things have equal equality. We must protect all living things as we would ourselves.
From few in number, slow to change, central to beliefs to numerous, fast to change, specific to situation, what is the cognitive hierarchy?
Values-> value orientations-> attitudes and norms-> behavioral intentions-> behaviors
What is Aldo Leopold’s “Land Ethic”?
Moral responsibility to the natural world. At its core, the idea of a land ethic is simply caring: about people, about land, and about strengthening the relationships between them
