human population Flashcards

1
Q

8.1 billion

A

current global pop.

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2
Q

10 billion

A

expected final human pop.

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3
Q

projected a carrying capacity issue for humans in which we could not grow enough food in 1798

A

Thomas Malthus

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4
Q

allowed for human population growth to increase 12000 years ago

A

agriculture

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5
Q

coincides with industrial revolution leading to rapid pop. growth, due to medical advances, urbanization, rapid food production, shared info, and better sanitation

A

mortality revolution

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6
Q

basic survival: 20 billion
optimists: 10-12 billion
pessimists: past

A

earth’s carrying capacity

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7
Q

standardized method allowing comparison between populations, rate per 1000 people

A

crude rates

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8
Q

average number of children per woman
2.32 globally, high of 4.62, low of 1.56

A

total fertility rate

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9
Q

TFR where population stays stagnant, 2.1

A

replacement fertility

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10
Q

explains how pop. evolves as an economy develops

A

demographic transition model

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11
Q

birth rates high so children will work, high fluctuating death rates due to disease and famine, low overall population

A

DTM phase 1

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12
Q

mortality transition, people live longer and birth rates stay high, pop. starts to increase

A

DTM phase 2

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13
Q

fertility transition birth rates drop due to increased urbanization, death rates keep dropping, pop. continues to increase

A

DTM phase 3

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14
Q

stability transition, birth rates low but fluctuate, death rates stay low, large pop. starts to stabalize

A

DTM phase 4

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15
Q

lower birth rate than death rate causing overall pop. decrease
ex: Japan

A

DTM phase 5

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16
Q

graphical means to show pop. distribution by age and sex

A

population pyramids

17
Q

population dominated by working age people with great economic growth
ex: China

A

demographic window

18
Q

waiting on stability transition, high fertility, unrest, crime, and terrorism high
ex: Afghanistan

A

youth bulge

19
Q

workers support the aging with extended working years
ex: Japan

A

aging bulge

20
Q

impact*population size *affluence *technology measure of environmental impact

A

IPAT identity