Human Population

Question 1

Number of living individuals in an area

Answer 1

Population

Question 2

Population change equation

Answer 2

Population change = (Births + Immigration) – (Deaths + Emigration)

Question 3

Crude birth rate

Answer 3

births per 1000 people in population per year

Question 4

Crude death rate

Answer 4

deaths per 1000 people in population per year

Question 5

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Answer 5

• Number of children a woman has during her lifetime, averaged for population.
• Same as biotic potential

Question 6

Replacement Level Fertility

Answer 6

• Number of children needed to replace everyone in the population.
• Varies between regions

Question 7

Zero Population Growth

Answer 7

• Birth rate equals death rate.

Question 8

Sex Ratio

Answer 8

• Relative number of males and females in a population

Question 9

Age Distribution

Answer 9

• Number of individuals of each age in a population

Question 10

Two factors that tell how a population will grow.

Answer 10

Sex Ratio and Age Distribution

Question 11

Population Trends in developed countries

Answer 11

Developed countries
- Low infant mortality rate
- High life expectancy
- Low fertility rate
- 21% 15 below
- 12% 65 up

Question 12

Population Trends in developing countries

Answer 12

Developing countries
- High infant mortality rate
- Low life expectancy
- High fertility rate
- 44% 15 below
- 3% 65 up

Question 13

Factors affecting the society’s impact on natural resources

Answer 13

• Population size
• Population density
• Degree of technological development

Question 14

Study of populations and their characteristics.

Answer 14

Demography

Question 15

Factors Affecting Birth Rates and Total Fertility Rates

Answer 15

• Children in Labor Force
• Cost of raising and educating children
• Availability of pension systems
• Urbanization
• Education and employment for women
• Infant mortality rate
• Average marrying age
• Abortion
• Availability of birth control

Question 16

One of the major social factor in determining family size

Answer 16

the role of women in society

• Early marriages foster high fertility rates.
• Lack of education opportunities for women
  reduces their options.
• When level of education increases, fertility
  rates fall.
• The most important factor is the ability of
  women to control the size of their family.
• Access to birth control is key.

Question 17

Cutting Global Population Growth

Answer 17

• Family planning
• Improve health care
• Elevate the status of women
• Increase education
• Involve men in parenting
• Reduce poverty
• Sustainability

Question 18

Global megacities

Answer 18

Number of large cities growing. World’s urban population will
increase from 3.1 billion to 5 billion from 2004-2030.

Question 19

Undesirable Impacts of Urban Sprawl

Answer 19

• Loss of crop land, forest land, and wetlands
• Fragmenting fish and wildlife habitats
• Increased impervious surfaces means more flooding and soil erosion

Question 20

Urban Land-Use Planning and Control

Answer 20

• Land-use planning
• Property taxes
• Zoning
• Smart growth
• Urban growth boundary
• Greenbelts

Question 21

Growth Management Act 1990

Answer 21

• requires state and local governments to
  manage Washington’s growth by identifying and
  protecting critical areas and natural resource lands,
  designating urban growth areas, preparing
  comprehensive plans and implementing them through
  capital investments and development regulations.
• passed to help protect areas critical for natural
  resources by concentrating growth in urban areas