Human Person, Human Act, and Conscience Flashcards

1
Q

“A person is a being who has a capacity for enjoyable experiences, for interacting with others, and for having preferences about continued life.” According to _____.

A

Peter Singer

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2
Q

According to John Harris, A person is any being who is capable of__________.

A

Valuing their own life

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3
Q

Logical Implications:
First, in order to be
regarded as a person, you must have an

A

Advanced level of brain function / functioning cerebral cortex.

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4
Q

Logical Implications:
Second,

A

Group of human beings who are “non-persons”.

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5
Q

Examples of non-persons

A

Include fetuses, newborn babies and infants who lack self-awareness, and a large
group of children and adults with congenital brain abnormalities, severe brain injury, dementia, and major psychiatric illnesses.

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6
Q

Logical Implications:
Third,

A

Non-human beings on the
planet who meet the criteria of persons.

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7
Q

Non-humans beings example:

A

These include at least chimpanzees, gorillas, monkeys, and dolphins, and many other mammals.

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8
Q

OTHER NOTABLE IDEAS FROM THE
PHILOSOPHERS REGARDING A PERSON

A

-Have moral rights and privileges.
-Allowed to exercise their own
choices or autonomy.
-Same rights and privileges do not extend to non-persons.

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9
Q

KINDS OF CONSCIENCE

A

-Correct or True Conscience
-Erroneous or False Conscience
-Certain Conscience
-Doubtful Conscience
-Scrupulous Conscience
-Lax Conscience

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10
Q

Judges what is good as good and what is evil as evil.

A

Correct or True Conscience

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11
Q

Judges incorrectly that what is good is evil and what is evil is good.

A

Erroneous or False Conscience

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12
Q

Example: Getting a property of another without consent is stealing.

A. Correct or True Conscience
B. Erroneous or False Conscience

A

A. Correct or True Conscience

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13
Q

2 types of Erroneous or False Conscience

A
  1. Inculpable Conscience
  2. Culpable Conscience
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14
Q

An erroneous conscience whose error is NOT willfully intended.

A

Inculpable Conscience

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15
Q

An erroneous conscience whose error is due to neglect, or malice.

A

Culpable Conscience

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16
Q

Example of Culpable Conscience: Cheating in an examination is okay since it helps me pass the exam and nonetheless everybody
does it anyways.

True or False

A

TRUE

17
Q

A subjective assurance of the lawfulness of unlawfulness of a certain act.

A

Certain Conscience

18
Q

This implies that the person is sure of his decision.

A

Certain Conscience

19
Q

A vacillating conscience, unable to form a definite judgement on a certain action.

A

Doubtful Conscience

20
Q

True or False:
A doubtful conscience must be first allowed to settle its doubts
before an action is performed.

A

TRUE

21
Q

A rigorous conscience, extremely afraid of committing evil.

A

Scrupulous Conscience

22
Q

A meticulous and wants
incontrovertible proofs before it acts.

A

Scrupulous Conscience

23
Q

The one which refuses to be bothered about distinction of good and evil.

A

Lax Conscience

24
Q

Example: A person had paid 100 pesos he owed from a friend.

What type of Conscience?

A

Certain Conscience

25
Q

Example: A man worries if his prayers aren’t enough God would be angry at him.

What type of Conscience?

A

Scrupulous Conscience