Human Nutition

Question 1

Why do we need food

Answer 1

.energy
.growth
.repair

Question 2

What are the 5 food groups

Answer 2

.vitamins
.Minerals
.Protein
.fats
.carbohydrates

Question 3

What is the chemical composition of carbohydrates

Answer 3

C (carbon) H (hydrogen) O (oxygen)

Question 4

What are carbohydrates simple sugars

Answer 4

(SIMPLE SUGARS/SIMPLE CHO’s)
.glucose (fruit)
.fructose. (honey)

Question 5

What are dissacharides

Answer 5

2 SUGARS
.lactose (dairy)
.maltose (wheat, cornmeal, barley)

Question 6

What’s found in complex carbohydrates

Answer 6

.Starch - provides energy : rice pasta bread
.fibre - prevents constipation: brown rice cereals

Question 7

What is the composition of protein

Answer 7

C (carbon). H (hydrogen). O (oxygen). N(nitrogen)

.smallest unit of protein -amino acid

Question 8

What are the functions of protein

Answer 8

.forms hair & skin & feathers
.forms muscles
. Forms enzymes antibodies & some hormones

Question 9

What are the sources of protein

Answer 9

.lentils nuts & beans
.meat & fish
.dairy

Question 10

What is the difference between fat & lipids

Answer 10

FATS(are solid at room temp) LIPIDS (are liquid at room temp)
Butter Oil
fat on meat.

Question 11

What are the elements of fats/lipids

Answer 11

C (carbon) H (hydrogen). O (oxogen)

Question 12

What are sources of fats/lipids

Answer 12

.nuts butter spreads red meat oily fish & avocado

Question 13

What are the functions of fats

Answer 13

1.insulation
2.protective layer around organs
3.form cell membranes
4.energy source
5.forms waterproof layer around skin

Question 14

What are fat/ water solible in vitamins

Answer 14

Fat soluble:A,D,E,K
Water soluble:B,C

Question 15

What is vitamin c

Answer 15

VITAMIN:c
FUNCTION:healthy gums & skin
DEFICIENCY: scurvy, bleeding gums ,slow healing of wounds
SOURCE: citrus fruits,green veg

Question 16

What is vitamin D

Answer 16

VITAMIN:d
FUNCTION:healthy teeth & bones
DEFICIENCY:rickets & brittle bones
SOURCES:sunshine eggs & oily fish

Question 17

What is Vitamin A

Answer 17

FUNCTION :good eyesight, healthy lining of nose & throat, Growth, Healthy eyes skin & hair
DEFICIENCY: night blindness, Dry patchy skin
SOURCES: carotene - highly coloured veg

Question 18

What is vitamin e

Answer 18

SOURCES:seeds nuts & cereals
FUNCTION: protects against disease, Strong immune system
DEFICIENCY: weak muscles, fragility of red blood cells

Question 19

What is vitamin k

Answer 19

SOURCES: green leafy vegetables, vegetable oils ,cereal grains
FUNCTIONS: blood clotting, helping wounds to heal
DEFICIENCY: VKDB (won’t stop bleeding)

Question 20

What’s iron

Answer 20

FUNCTION :carries haemoglobin in red blood cells, Energy
SOURCES: red meat , beans, dried fruits , fortified breakfast cereals
DEFICIENCY:anaemia

Question 21

What’s calcium

Answer 21

SOURCES: milk, cheese and other dairy foods , green leafy vegetables
FUNCTIONS:strong bones& teeth
DEFICIENCY: Hypocalcemia