Human Movement Science Flashcards
Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues
Mechanoreceptors
Receptors sensitive to change and rate of change of tension
Golgi tendon organs
Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and rate of that change
Muscle spindles
The functional unit of the nervous system
The neuron
Receptors that respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration in the joint
Joint receptors
The system that acts as the body’s communication network, gathers and interprets information, and determines all movement
Nervous system
What are the three functions of the nervous system?
Sensory, integrative, and motor
The ability to sense body position and limb movement relative to adjacent parts of the body and the environment
Proprioception
What are the four benefits to training proprioceptive abilities?
Improved balance, posture, coordination, and the ability to adapt to changing environments
What are the three main parts of a neuron?
Cell body, Axon, dendrites
Transmit nerve impulses from receptors in tissues to the CNS
Sensory (afferent) neurons
Transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to effector sites in muscles or organs
Motor (efferent) neurons
Transmits nerve impulses from one neuron to another
Interne Urins
The portion of the nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord
Central nervous system
Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body
Peripheral nervous system
Primary connective tissue that connects bones together and provides stability and input to the nervous system
Ligaments
Flattened or indented portion of bone which can be a muscle attachment site
Depression
Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column
Axial skeleton
Portion of the skeletal system that includes the bones that connect to the spinal column including the upper and lower extremities
Appendicular skeleton
Bone with a cylindrical body (shaft) that are longer than they are wide and enlarge and widen at each end
Long bone
Cube or box shaped bones that are nearly as wide as they are long; made out of mostly sponge bone tissue to maximize shock absorption
Short bones
Thin bones made of two layers of compact bone tissue around a layer of spongy bone tissue
Flat bone
Bones of unique shape and function that do not fit the characteristics of other categories
Irregular bones
Small, often round bones embedded in a joint capsule
Sesamoid bones
