Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Question 1

What is the envelope in HIV?

Answer 1

gp120 envelop glycoprotein

Question 2

How does HIV replicate?

Answer 2

viral reverse transcriptase make a DNA copy of the viral RNA. The viral integras then integrates it into the host DNA. The core vital proteins are systhesised and then cleaves by viral protease.

Question 3

How does HIV infection progress?

Answer 3

symptoms of acute fever 2-6wk after exposure. Fever headache etc and then goes away.30% of patients will get persistent generalised lymphadenopathy.

Later patients will get night sweats, diarrhoea, opportunistic infection. This is called AIDS-related complex

AIDS follows soon after

Question 4

What is the definition of AIDS?

Answer 4

CD$ count less than 200x10^6

Question 5

How HIV infection diagnosed?

Answer 5

sputum sample for HIV-Ab with ELISA. May be negetive post infection, should be re-done 6 wk and 3 months after

Question 6

What opportunistic infections occur in HIV?

Answer 6

TB
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Candidaisis
Toxoplasmosis
Cryptococcul meningitis 
CMV retinitis

Question 7

What is the treatment for pneumococcus jiroveci?

Answer 7

co-trimoxazole

Question 8

What is the treatment for candida infection?

Answer 8

Nystatin

Question 9

What is the treatment for cryptococcal meningitis?

Answer 9

Amphotericin

Question 10

What are the classes of antiretroviral agents?

Answer 10

Neucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
integrase inhibitors