Human growth questions Flashcards
What is a chromosomal disorder?
Give an example:
A chromosomal disorder is where there is irregularities in the structure or amount of chromosones in a cell. For instance too many, too little etc.
Ex) Down sydrome is a condition where there is an an extra chromosone present in the cell.
Explain the term ‘implantation’?
Implantation is when the fertalised egg travels down the fallopian tube and embeds itself into the lining of the uterus.
What are Primitive reflexes and what are they for?
Primitive reflexes are automatic movements that a baby will do involuntarily due to a stimulus.
These reflexes help the baby develop and survive.
Name three examples of primitive reflexes?
1: Rooting- the head turning into the persons chest (this a reflex to suck the boob for breastmilk).
2: Sucking- the baby will suck and pucker its lips (it is looking to be fed).
3: Moro- reaction to loud noises and sudden movements (startle reflex).
What are some sources of stress for adolescents?
- bullying
- unstable homelife
- divorced parents
- negative self image/thoughts
- not having friends
- abuse at home/school
Differentiate between fine and gross motor skills?
gross: Large movements that use large muscles in the body to occur. Gross motor skills help with cooridination and balance
- such as walking or kicking
vs
fine: smaller movements that use smaller muscles in the body to occur. These skills help with persition and hand eye coordination.
-such as drawing and writing
What are the phases of dying?
Agonial: Latin for ‘struggling’. The body is struggling to stay alive. Breathing and heart rate slows as the body cannot keep up.
Clinical: heart rate and breathing ceases. can be reversable.
Death: activity in the brain and the brainstem ceases. This is irreverable.
What are some of the secondary sexual characteristics in males/ females?
Males: - voice deepens
- facial and body hair
- muscle growth
- adams apple develops
females: - Breasts develop
- body hair
- menstration
- hips widen for childbirth
What is ageism?
A negative sterotype associated with someone based on their age.
Name five ways you can combat ageism?
- Challange negative sterotypes!
- Advocate for policies to ensure equality in employment/education and healthcare
- Educate yourself and others how harmful ageism can be on older people.
- Watcn your language! (ie ‘older person’ over ‘elderly”).
-Celebrate aging positively!
Explain what is meant by ‘object permanence?
object permanence is a term used in jean piaget’s theory on infant cognitive development. It refers to the ability to understand that if you cannot touch/hear/see an object, that it still exists. it is a major childhood milestone in the development of children and usually happens around 18-24 months according to piaget.
Explain the term ‘scaffolding’?
Scaffolding refers to a teaching method where a more experienced person/parent will provide a supportive and encouraging enviroment for a child ot learn something new. This provides support until the child is able to do the task without help. Then the ‘support’ or scaffolding can be taken away and the child will be able to do the skill on their own. This is a method discussed in vygotsky’s theory of sociocultural development.
What does the term ‘empty nest syndrome’ mean?
Empty nest syndrome is a term used when talking about the feeling of sadness or isolation when your children grow up and leave home. This particularly happens to the main care giver in the home and usually happens in middle to late adulthood.
Name some negative impacts of social media on adolescents?
- Bullying
- mental health/ self image issues from comparing your lives to those online.
- addiction/disctraction
- sleeping pattern disrupted.
Name some positive impacts of social media on adoelscents?
- Educational
- staying in contact
- self - expression
-Positive influencers; surrounding body images/sports etc - a sense of community
Differentiate between primary and secondary aging?
primary: this is natural biological changes that happen to the body naturally as it ages such as skin becoming thinner, wrinkles, age spots etc.
vs
secondary: These are changes that happen to the body as a result of environmental, cultural, lifestyle choices that have a negative impact on the body such as smoking, pollution etc.
Explain what the ‘APGAR’ test is?
This is a test given to a baby a moment after it is born and then again five minutes after it is born. The five minute score is more important as the one minute score can be impacted by premie and c-section babies.
Explain the letters in ‘APGAR’?
Appearance) The colour of the child (blue or pink?)
Pulse) heart rate, how strong is it? is it too fast etc.
Grimace) reflexes. does it cry when stimulated?
Activity) muscle movement. it is floppy or actively moving?
Respiration) is the child breathing? is it crying?
List some physical changes of ageing on the body?
- Senses become less sensitive, meaning you will have hearing loss, sight loss, taste buds will become less receptive and everything will taste bland.
- lung capacity decreases (Breathless easier)
-Ability to control body temp decreases. ie: cold all the time - Bone density decreases so you have a higher fracture risk
Explain crystalised intellagence?
This is the ability to use your perviosuly learned knowledge, facts and experiences in life. like a mental library that grows with you as you age and learn. It can include skills.
Differentiate between growth and development?
growth refers to measurable change in physical factors in the body such as height, weight. It is quantifable.
development refers to functional or behavioural chnages ie:
the improvemnts in skills/abilities. This we asses in a sense of PESC
(Physical emotional social and cognativly).
What is meant by self-awareness?
This is a persons ability to recognise and understand their thoughts and feelings and how it can possibly affect others. Like a mental mirror.
What are personal boundaries and give an example?
A personal boundary is a mental limit you as a person put in place to protect yourself and your wellbeing. This defines how people around you treat you.
A personal boundary can come in many forms such as physical (i don’t want you to touch me) or in other forms such as saying no to a social event as you are burnt out. prioritising yourself over pleasing others.
What is the difference between self-confidence and self-esteem?
Self-confidence is your belief in yourself and your abilities.
vs
self esteem is your overall sense of worth as a person
