Human Growth & Development

Question 1

Development Psych

Answer 1

study of changes that occur as an individual matures

includes: biological, psychological, & social

Question 2

Continually vs. Stages

Answer 2

development is a smooth & continuos learning,OR changes clearly defined

Question 3

Stability vs. Change

Answer 3

how stable are our personality traits, do they change as we age?

Question 4

Prenatal Development

Answer 4

egg meets sperm (200 million competitors)
zygote (conception to 2 weeks)
embryo (weeks 2-9, heart beats, organs develop)
fetus (9 weeks to birth, responds to sounds & light)

Question 5

Brain Cells

Answer 5

250,000 brain cells produced a minute in womb

Question 6

Prenatal Developement

Answer 6

nurture vs. nature- can affect placenta, teratogens, sound of mother

Question 7

Teratogens

Answer 7

anything taken into moms body that could harm baby

Question 8

Grasping Reflex

Answer 8

anything that touches palm, they grab

Question 9

Rooting/ Sucking Reflex

Answer 9

if something touches cheek, they turn toward it

Question 10

Moro Reflex

Answer 10

startle reflex

Question 11

Babinski Reflex

Answer 11

touch baby’s foot, then opens and closes

Question 12

Maturation

Answer 12

enable orderly changes in behavior

we mature similarly, but timing varies

Question 13

Motor Development

Answer 13

sequence is the same, but timing varies

Question 14

Walking

Answer 14

12 months

Question 15

1st words

Answer 15

1 year

Question 16

Telegraphic Speech

Answer 16

put 2 or 3 words together, not a complete sentence (ex: go to store)

Question 17

Tasks and Developmental challenges

Answer 17

1. accepting ones physical makeup & acquiring a masculine or feminine gender role
2. develop appropriate relations with both genders
3. become emotionally independent of parents and other adults
4. become economically independent
5. deciding on/ preparing for/ entering a vocation
6. cognitive skills and concepts necessary for social competence
7. understand and achieve socially responsible behavior
8. dating
9. acquiring harmonious and appropriate values

Question 18

Authoritarian Parents

Answer 18

strict, rigid, it’s their way or the high way, no discussion

Question 19

Authoritative Parents

Answer 19

children can make own decisions, but still places limits

Question 20

Neglectful Parents

Answer 20

parents are uninvolved in child’s life.

Question 21

Indulgent Parents

Answer 21

parents highly involved, but kids are allowed to do what they want. (Regina George’s mom)

Question 22

Oldest Child

Answer 22

high achieving, perfectionist, parents are harder

Question 23

Middle Child

Answer 23

peacekeeper, laid back, easy going, overlooked

Question 24

Youngest Child

Answer 24

manipulative, bend the rules, wants to be like oldest

Question 25

Divorced Family

Answer 25

most children turn out fine, higher % of emotional problems

Question 26

Working Parents (latchkey kids)

Answer 26

kids left home alone, parents need to monitor kids (phone calls)

Question 27

Gay/Lesbian Parents

Answer 27

don't have a higher emotional or incident problems

Question 28

Cliques

Answer 28

intimate friend groups (usually 5-6 people), normally same gender

Question 29

Crowds

Answer 29

larger than cliques, usually based on reputation (jocks, druggies, orchestra, drama)

Question 30

Metacognition

Answer 30

``` thinking about thinking Problems - finding fault with authority figures - argumentativeness increases - indecisiveness - apparent hypocrisy - self-consciousness - invulnerability ```

Question 31

Teenage Identity Crisis

Answer 31

time of inner conflict when they worry intensely about their identities

Question 32

James Marcia

Answer 32

uses terms crisis and commitment to classify adolescents in 4 identity statuses

Question 33

Will Marry

Answer 33

90% of heterosexual adults get married

Question 34

Divorce

Answer 34

40%-60% of marriages end in divorce

Question 35

Success in marriage

Answer 35

1. handling conflicts constructively 2. 5:1, positive to negative interactions Cohabitation leads to higher rates of divorce and marital dysfunction

Question 36

Jean Piaget

Answer 36

1. 0-2 years, sensorimotor- develop object permanence 2. 2-7 years, preoperational- egocentrism (can't image world through other persons eyes.) 3. 7-11 years, concrete operational- conservation 4. 11+ years, formal operational- ability to think abstractly

Question 37

Attachment

Answer 37

emotional tie with another person

Question 38

Harry Harlow

Answer 38

monkey experiment | love is more important than food

Question 39

Critical Period

Answer 39

unable to maintain relationships after designated time

Question 40

Konrad Lorenz

Answer 40

imprinting | birds when birthed think first thing they see is mother

Question 41

Mary Ainsworth

Answer 41

strange situation experiment reunion with mom types of attachment 1. secure-distressed without, calm when return, use mom as a base 2. insecure- more distressed without, resist comfort when return 3. avoidant- uninterested in mom

Question 42

Responsive

Answer 42

results in secure attachment