Human Geography - urban change Flashcards
What is the site of Edinburgh?
Describes the land on which it is built
What is the situation of Edinburgh?
Describes where Edinburgh is in relation to its surroundings - other towns, uplands and rivers
What is a site?
A glaciated feature known as a crag and tail
Where is the CBD?
In the centre of the city
What does CBD stand for?
Central business district
What are some characteristics of the CBD?
Departmental shops, large office, many churches, main railway and bus stations, pubs, clubs and the town hall. Main roads head into the CBD The value of the land is at its greatest High density buildings Built upwards Worst traffic congestion Oldest part of the city Constant change
What are some problems in the CBD?
Lots of traffic > congestion Pedestrian built up Dangerous for pedestrians Pickpockets Lack of open space Roadworks Lack of parking Old buildings Dark streets > deliveries difficult Traditional shops, being replaced by high street chains
What are some recent changes in the CBD in Edinburgh?
Tramworks Updated public transport Pedestrianised areas One direction High street chains Relaxing areas Provision of food shopping Better leisure activities Shopping centres
What are the other four sectors of an area?
Inner city Working class housing Middle class housing High class housing
What are some economic problems in the inner city?
Declining industries Political extremes High unemployment Lack of skilled workers Poverty and low incomes
What are some social problems in the inner city?
Heavy concentration of young and old dependants
High numbers of single parents
High numbers of children in care
Rising crime rate
What are some environmental problems in the inner city?
Pollution Overcrowding Traffic congestion High levels of vandalism Widespread derelection
What are some improvements in the favelas in Rio De Janeiro?
Self-help schemes
Site and service schemes
Underground sewage pipes installed
Widened and improved road access - especially for emergency services
Health clinics and school opened to provide healthcare and education
Police pacification units
